With the death of Stalin - "father of the peoples" and "the architect of communism" - in 1953, the struggle for power, as the cult of personality, set them assumed at the helm of the Soviet Union will be the same autocratic leader who will take into their own handsthe reins of the state.
only difference was that the main contenders for power as one that advocated the abolition of the cult and the liberalization of the political course of the country.
who is right after Stalin?
serious struggle developed between the three main contenders, which originally consisted of a triumvirate - Georgy Malenkov (Chairman of the USSR Council of Ministers), Lavrenty Beria (Minister of the United MIA) and Nikita Khrushchev (Secretary of the CPSU).Each of them wanted to take the place of the head of state, but the victory could get only to the applicant, whose candidacy to support the party, the members of which enjoyed great prestige and had the right connections.In addition, they all share a desire to achieve stability, end the era of repression and have more freedom in their actions.That is why the question of who rules after Stalin's death, does not always have a definite answer - in fact it was just three people, who were fighting for power.
triumvirate of power: the beginning of the split
created under Stalin triumvirate of power-sharing.Most of it is concentrated in the hands of Malenkov and Beria.Khrushchev was assigned the role of Secretary of the CPSU, is not as significant in the eyes of his opponents.But they underestimated the ambitious and energetic party member, highlights extraordinary thinking and intuition.
For those who ruled the country after Stalin's, it was important to understand who we must first eliminate from the competition.The first target was the Lavrenti Beria.Khrushchev and Malenkov were aware that a file on each of them was the Minister of Internal Affairs, in charge of the whole system of repression.In this regard, in July 1953 Beria was arrested and accused of espionage and other crimes, thus removing such a dangerous opponent.
Malenkov and his policies
Khrushchev's authority as an organizer of the conspiracy has increased significantly, but its effect on other members of the party intensified.However, while the chairman of the Council of Ministers was Malenkov, key decisions and directions in politics depended on it.At the first meeting of the Bureau embarked on de-Stalinization and the establishment of collective management of the country: it was planned to abolish the cult of personality, but do it in such a way as not to detract from the merits of the "father of nations."The main task set Malenkov, was to develop the economy in the interests of the population.He suggested quite an extensive program of change, which was not accepted by the Presidium of the Central Committee of the CPSU.Then Malenkov put forward the same proposal at the session of the Supreme Council, where they have been approved.For the first time after the autocrat Stalin's rule the decision was made not to the party and official authority.CPSU Central Committee and the Politburo had to agree with that.
further history will show that among those who ruled after Stalin, Malenkov will be the most "effective" in their decisions.They adopted a series of measures to combat bureaucracy in the state and party apparatus, on the development of food and light industry, to expand the autonomy of the collective farms have borne fruit: the years 1954-1956 for the first time after the war showed the growth of the rural population and the growth of agricultural production, which over the yearsdecline and stagnation became profitable.The effect of these measures was maintained until 1958.It is this five-year period is considered to be the most productive and efficient after Stalin's death.
Those rules after Stalin was clear that in the light industry to achieve such success will not work, since Malenkov's proposal for its development contrary to the next five-year plan for jobs, is focusing on the promotion of heavy industry.
Georgy Malenkov tried to solve problems from a rational point of view, using economic rather than ideological considerations.However, this procedure did not suit the party nomenclature (headed by Khrushchev), almost lost its dominant role in public life.It was a powerful argument against Malenkov, which is under pressure from the party in February 1955, resigned.He was replaced by Nikolai Bulganin Khrushchev ally.Malenkov became one of his deputies, but after the dissolution of the anti-1957 group (in which it belongs), together with his supporters was expelled from the Presidium of the Central Committee of the CPSU.Khrushchev took advantage of this situation and in 1958 took Malenkov also as chairman of the Council of Ministers, to take his place and become those who rule in the Soviet Union after Stalin.
Thus, Nikita Khrushchev concentrated in his hands almost complete power.He got rid of two of the most powerful competitors and lead the country.
who ruled the country after the death of Stalin and Malenkov bias?
Those 11 years that Khrushchev ruled the Soviet Union, are rich in different events and reforms.On the agenda were many challenges faced by the State after the industrialization of war and attempts to revive the economy.Milestones, who remembered the era of Khrushchev's rule, the following:
- Policy virgin lands (not supported by scientific study) - has increased the number of sown areas, but does not take into account the climatic features, which hampered the development of agriculture in developed territories.
- «Corn campaign", the purpose of which was to catch up and overtake the United States, a good yield of this crop.Corn acreage expanded twice in damage to crops of rye and wheat.But the result was sad - the climatic conditions do not allow to obtain a high yield, and the reduction of the area under other crops triggered receive low levels for their collection.The campaign failed miserably in 1962, and its result was the increase in prices for oil and meat, which caused discontent among the population.
- beginning of perestroika - the mass construction of houses, which allowed many families to move out of dormitories and communal apartments in the (so-called "Khrushchev").
Results of Khrushchev's rule
Among those rules after Stalin, Nikita Khrushchev stood his unconventional and not always thoughtful approach to reform within the state.Despite the many projects that were realized, their inconsistency has led to a shift from the position of Khrushchev in 1964.
