in any political process, there are events that are of symbolic nature.Their advance means that Rubicon is passed, and a return to the old way is no longer possible.Perestroika in the Soviet Union has had a significant impact on all aspects of social life, but still retains the legal supremacy of one party, many ordinary people and politicians have considered even the most significant changes as temporary.Cancel Article 6 of the Constitution of the USSR was the Rubicon that separated the old Soviet system of the new Russian.
essence of the political system of the USSR in the 1977 Constitution
so-called Brezhnev Constitution, pompous adopted at the session of the Supreme Soviet seventh of October 1977, not only to guarantee the citizens of the many rights and freedoms, but also reinforcing existing at the time the political system.As in previous editions of the Constitution, the supreme power belongs to the bicameral Supreme Council, which was elected at the Congress of Deputies.An innovation is the sixth article, which for the ruling Communist Party recognized the role of the only political force that has the right to exercise power.At the highest legislative level it has been rejected by the opposition and even the idea of alternative elections.
Restructuring and changes in the political life of
Cancel Article 6 of the Constitution of the USSR was not some spontaneous phenomenon.For this event the country has steadily moved, since coming to power in the spring of 1985, MSGorbachev.The announced restructuring of their first manifested itself precisely in the political sphere.The policy of glasnost and rehabilitation of victims of repression, open discussion on many issues and political debate in the pages of newspapers and magazines - all these things became commonplace and set up citizens that the government is ready for a serious change.One of these reforms was the attempt to divide the powers of party and government bodies, which led to the convening of the spring of 1989, the first popularly elected Congress of People's Deputies, the election of a member for the first time in a long time held on an alternative basis.
Cancel Article 6 of the Constitution of the USSR: the first step is made
First Congress has played a huge role in the political processes of the late 1980s - early 1990s, which led to the disintegration of a great power and the beginning of construction in our country of a democratic state.Among other things, it is the first time the congress was made clear requirement that requires the abolition of Article 6 of the Constitution of the USSR.Year, when it happened, was in many ways a landmark for our country: was nearing the end of the next five-year period, the results of which were far from rosy.The gradual collapse of the socialist bloc in Eastern Europe supplemented by the same desire of a number of republics (especially the Baltic) to secede from the Union.It was in such a situation, one of the leaders of the opposition of the Interregional Group Sakharov demanded to cancel the proverbial six articles.Most of it is not supported, but the foundation stone was laid.
II Congress of Soviets: fight for the abolition continues
at the Second Congress of Soviets, which had to start work on the second decade of December 1989, the political situation has become even more radical.Cancel Article 6 of the Constitution of the USSR was the main issue before the plenary meetings.The same interregional group required to include consideration of this issue on the agenda, but the conservative majority of the Congress did not support it.Then Sakharov threatened mass protests, the first of which took place after his death, in February 1990.A huge crowd of two hundred thousand demanded drastic changes in the Constitution.Ignore the mood of the people no longer had the power of law.
Search consensus
When failure to maintain a one-party system in the country has become apparent, the top party leadership was to seek the most appropriate for themselves out of this situation.At the plenum of the Central Committee, which was held on February 5, Gorbachev suggested a compromise: the introduction of the president and the abolition of Article 6 of the Constitution of the USSR.Year has just begun, but it was obvious that restrain the masses, incited all sides radicalized politicians has become increasingly difficult.Most of the participants of the plenum, according to the recollections of eyewitnesses, was set up very negatively to these innovations, however, in the vote according to all raised their hands.The monopoly of the Communist Party in the country was signed the verdict.
legally enforceable and consequences
taken by the supreme authority of the party decision had yet to pass legislative approval.To this end, in March 1990, it was assembled three - extraordinary - the Congress, which was to make appropriate amendments to the Constitution.No serious controversy this time was not, and the fourteenth in March 1990 was a significant event: the Communist Party ceased to be the "guiding force" in society, and Gorbachev had the opportunity to become the first President of the country is gradually crumbling.As it turned out, the abolition of Article 6 of the Constitution of the Soviet Union has not led to the stabilization of the political situation, and further deepen the crisis.The country has lost part of its fastening unit, the process of disintegration has become virtually irreversible.
Today consequences of the abolition of Article 6 of the Constitution of the USSR are valued differently.Some researchers believe it is one of the key moments in the process of disintegration of powerful powers, while others, on the contrary, point to the fact that the country has just returned to the situation at the beginning of the twentieth century, when there was a multi-party system, and the development proceeded in a democratic way.What both sides in agreement, so it is that the preservation of the main points of the law is not consistent with the political realities of 1990.
lost the monopoly of the ruling until recently the party quickly lost its position.Shortly after the events of August 1991 it will be outlawed, and the Communists begin the painful process of searching for their political identity.
