Ocean is much closer to us than the planets of the solar system.However, its bottom studied only 5 percent.And how many more secrets stored water of the world ocean?This is the greatest mystery of our planet.
maximum depth
Mariana Trench, or otherwise Mariana Trench - the deepest point in the oceans.It is home to amazing creatures and virtually no light.However, this is the most famous place that still has not been fully studied, and is fraught with many unsolved mysteries.
dive into the Mariana Trench - a real suicide.After all, the water pressure is a thousand times greater than the pressure at sea level.The maximum depth of the global ocean is approximately 10,994 meters with an accuracy of 40 meters.However, there are brave souls who went down to the very bottom, risking their own lives.Of course, it was not in this business without modern technology.
Where is the deepest place in the ocean
Mariana Trench located in the Pacific, to be more precise, in its western part, closer to the east, near Guam, about 200 kilometers from the Marianas.The deepest point in the ocean is shaped like a crescent-shaped trough.The width of the cavity is about 69 kilometers, and the length - 2550 km.
Coordinates Mariana Trench: east longitude - 142 ° 35 'north latitude - 11 ° 22'.
temperature at the bottom of
Scientists have suggested that the maximum depth should be a very low temperature.However, they are very surprised by the fact that at the bottom of the Mariana Trench, the figure is still above zero and is 1 - 4 ° C.Soon, this phenomenon and found an explanation.
approximately at a depth of 1600 meters below the water surface hydrothermal vents are located.They are called "white smokers."From the output source stream of very hot water.Its temperature is 450 ° C.
It should be noted that the water is a part of a huge amount of minerals.These are chemical elements and support life at great depths.Despite such a high temperature that exceeds several times the boiling temperature, the water is not boiling.This explains the relatively high pressure.At this depth, the figure of 155 times higher than on the surface.
As you can see, the deepest place of the world's oceans is not so simple.They are still a lot of hidden secrets that you need to solve.
who lives at a depth
Many people think that the deepest place in the ocean - it is the abyss where no life could exist.However, it is not so.At the bottom of the Mariana Trench, scientists discovered a very large amoebae, called xenophyophore.Their body length is 10 centimeters.This is a very large single-celled organisms.
Scientists suggest that this type of amoeba has acquired such dimensions because of the environment in which they must exist.It should be noted that these unicellular organisms have been found at a depth of 10.6 kilometers.On their development influenced by many factors.This lack of sunlight, and a sufficiently high pressure, and, of course, cold water.
addition, xenophyophore just have unique abilities.Amoeba perfectly transfer effect to many chemicals and elements, including lead, mercury and uranium.
Shellfish
At the bottom of the Mariana Trench very high pressure.In such circumstances, there is no chance to survive even in creatures with bones or shell.However, not so long ago in the Mariana Trench have been found shellfish.They live near hydrothermal vents, as serpentine contains methane and hydrogen.These substances can fully formed living organism.
I still do not know how to manage to keep their shellfish shells in similar conditions.Moreover, hydrothermal sources produce another gas - hydrogen sulfide.He is known to be lethal to any shellfish.
liquid carbon dioxide in pure form
Mariana Trench - the deepest place of the world ocean, and wonderful world with lots of unexplained phenomena.Here are hydrothermal vents located near Taiwan, Okinawa trough outside.This is the only underwater area known at the moment where there is liquid carbon dioxide.This site was discovered in 2005.
Many scientists believe that these sources have allowed originated in the Mariana Trench life.It is not only the optimal temperature, and the presence of chemical substances.
In conclusion
deepest places of the world ocean are amazing extraordinarily his world.There can be found living organisms, which are excellent feel in the dark and under high pressure, and can not exist in a different environment.
is worth noting that the Mariana Trench has the status of a national monument USA.This marine reserve is the largest in the world.Of course, for those who want to come here, there is a certain set of rules.This site is strictly forbidden to extract minerals and fish.
