Anna Akhmatova, the great Russian poet, was born June 11, 1889.It became the birthplace of the city of Odessa, where her father, hereditary nobleman Gorenko AA, he worked as a mechanical engineer.Her mother, IE Stogova, was a relative of the first Russian poetess Anna Bunin.On the maternal side Akhmatova had Tartar ancestor Akhmad Khan, on his behalf, and she formed a nickname.
Childhood
brief biography Akhmatova mentions the time when it is under the age of one year was taken to Tsarskoye Selo.There she lived until the age of sixteen.Among the earliest memories she always celebrated great green parks, hippodrome with small colorful horses, the old train station.Summer months Akhmatova spent on the shores of the bay Musketeers, at Sevastopol.She was very curious.Sooner I learned to read the alphabet of Leo Tolstoy.I listen carefully when the teacher was engaged in French with older children, and in five years she could speak.Biography and works closely intertwined Akhmatova for the first time, when she was only eleven years old.At this age, she wrote her first poem.She studied the girl in Tsarskoye Selo school.Initially, it was given to it with difficulty.Soon, however, things went much better.
Youth
brief biography Akhmatova must certainly reflect the fact that her mother in 1905 she divorced her husband and moved with her daughter to Yevpatoria, and from there to Kiev.It was here that Anna was admitted to Fundukleyev school, and after graduation at the Higher Courses for Women, the Law Faculty.All this time she was keenly interested in literature and history.
Gumilev
with Nikolai Gumilev, Anna met while he was still very young, and it was fourteen years old.Ardent young man immediately fell in love with the beautiful Akhmatova.Love can be called miserable, as he got his hands lover not immediately.Several times he made her an offer, and has consistently refused.And only in 1909, Akhmatova agrees.They were married April 25, 1910.Brief biography of Akhmatova may not fully reflect the tragedy and despair of this marriage.Nicholas wore his wife in his arms, surrounded by attention and worshiped.However, at the same time very often I have an affair on the side.In 1912, he fell in love truly his young niece Masha Kuzmin-Karavayev.For the first time, Akhmatova was toppled from its pedestal.This turn of events could not make it, so decided to take a desperate step.In the same year she gave birth to a son.Contrary to her expectations, her husband took this event is quite cold, and she continued to change.
Creativity
In 1911 Akhmatova moved to St. Petersburg.The city will then be opened Akhmatova Museum.There she met with the Bloc and the first published under his pseudonym.Fame and recognition came to her in 1912 after the release of the poetry collection "Evening".In 1914 she released a compilation of "clear" and then in 1917 - "White Flock".Significant place in them is a kind of love poems and poems of Akhmatova's home.
Life
In 1914 Akhmatova's husband, Gumilyov goes to the front.Most of her time she spends in the estate Gumilyovs Slepnevo in the Tver province.Brief biography of Akhmatova says further that in four years she divorces her husband and marries again poet Shileiko VK in 1921 against Gumilyov was fabricated affair, and he was accused of involvement in a conspiracy against the revolution, in the samehe was shot.Soon after, in 1922, Akhmatova breaks up with her second husband and embark on an affair with Punin, who was also arrested three times.The life of the poetess was difficult and sad.Her favorite son Lev was imprisoned for over 10 years.
ups and downs
In 1921, in October and April, Anna has released two collections, which were the last before a long strip censorship oversight of poetry.In the twenties Akhmatova subjected to harsh criticism, it stops printing.Her name disappears from the pages of magazines and books.The poet is forced to live in poverty.From 1935 to 1940, Akhmatova is working on his famous work "Requiem".These verses of Akhmatova's homeland, about the suffering of people, conquered the hearts of millions of people.In this work, it reflects the tragic fate of thousands of Russian women who were forced to wait for their husbands out of prison, raise their children in poverty.Her poetry was incredibly close to many.Despite the ban, loved and read.In 1939, Stalin spoke positively about the work of Akhmatova and her back began to print.But as before, the verses were subjected to strict censorship.
Great Patriotic War
At the beginning of the war Anna Akhmatova (short biography must necessarily reflect this) is in Leningrad.Soon she went to Moscow, and then evacuated to Tashkent, where he lived until 1944.She did not remain indifferent and tries by all means to maintain the morale of soldiers.Akhmatova was helping in hospitals and performed with the reading of poems to the wounded.During this period, she wrote a poem called "The Oath", "courage", "Cracks in the garden dug."In 1944 she returned to the ruined Leningrad.His terrible impression of what he saw, she describes in the essay "Three lilac."
postwar period
1946 has not brought Akhmatova happiness, or at least relief.She, along with other authors was again subjected to the most severe criticism.She was expelled from the Writers' Union, which meant an end to any publications.The reason for all was meeting with British writer historian Berlin.For a long time, Akhmatova was engaged in translation.In an attempt to save his son from prison Anna wrote poems praising Stalin.However, this sacrifice was not accepted.Lev Gumilyov was released only in 1956.By the end of the life of Anna Akhmatova was able to overcome the resistance of bureaucrats and their creativity to bring a new generation.Her book "Running Time" was published in 1965.She was allowed to take a literary prize Ethno Taormina, as well as the title of Doctor of the University of Oxford.March 5, 1966, moving four heart attacks, Anna Akhmatova died.Russian poet was buried near Leningrad, on Komarovskoe cemetery.The memory of this great woman keeps Akhmatova Museum.It is located in St. Petersburg, at the Sheremetyevo Palace.
