civil defense system is represented as a set of specific measures.They are aimed at ensuring the training and protection of the population, cultural and material assets in the state from all sorts of dangers that arise in the conduct of military operations or as a result.Activities of bodies which carry out these activities, regulated by the Law "On Civil Defence".He was received by February 12, 1998.Next, take a closer look, what civil defense.
Feature
Civil Defense of the Russian Federation serves as a constituent element of a common set of protective measures undertaken by the state.The activities carried out in peacetime and in wartime.Civil defense of the country provides protection against modern means used by the enemy in the attack.The task structure also includes emergency rescue and emergency repair work in the lesions during emergencies in wartime and peacetime.
Key elements
Civil Defense - Service which controls a complex of protective measures.Units not only implement the tasks during emergencies in wartime or peacetime.The law "On civil protection" requires preparation and implementation of resources and energy, as well as ensuring the organization operates in carrying out rescue and other emergency operations.CSOs are a special form.They are created on the basis of territorial units for the production principle.These organizations are not included in the Armed Forces.However, at their disposal is a special technique, the property.These organizations are prepared in a special way that allows them to protect the population from the dangers that can occur during military operations or as a result thereof.Territory GO - the area on which the civil defense facilities.In particular, the settlements of particular economic or strategic national importance.Objects of civil defense are characterized by a high degree of risk of emergencies in times of peace and war.
Steering apparatus
Speaking of what is civil protection, it should be noted that the complex is run by the state.Guide GO exercised by the Government.The state policy in the field of Defense carried out by the Federal executive authority.He is empowered to solve problems directly to the President.Leaders in Defense of the federal executive bodies is carried out by their superiors.Activities of subsidiaries in the regions and municipalities to coordinate their heads and administrative staff.The heads of executive bodies of local and federal levels, departments and civil society organizations are personally responsible for the organization and implementation of measures to protect the population.
structure
question "what is civil defense" can be viewed from both sides.First, like the above mentioned, GO is a set of activities.On the other hand, what the civil defense?This is a special structure, which includes various organs and bodies.In particular, these include:
- Local.Presented as a regional center for Civil Defense, Emergencies and Disaster Management.This category also includes bodies authorized to deal with defense tasks and to take the necessary measures for the prevention and elimination of emergency situations in the Russian regions.They are equipped military forces GO civilians, representatives of the fire service.The chiefs of territorial bodies are appointed by the heads of federal agencies in the established order.
- Division (employees) of organizations with the power to solve problems in the field of Defense.They are (appointed) in accordance with the procedure established by the Government.
- federal executive body.It is authorized to solve the problems of protection.
- divisions of federal executive bodies.
Tasks
Civil defense (safety population largely depends on the activity of the considered structures) involves a specific measures aimed at the protection and training of people.These activities fall within the scope of tasks of GO.In particular, the Russian civil defense includes:
- Education civilians methods of protection from various hazards that may occur during war or as a result of it.
- Giving people personal protection and shelter.
- Evacuation cultural, wealth and population to safe territory.
- informing people about the dangers that arose in the course of military operations or in their result.
- Implementation of measures for different types of camouflage.
- fight fires that occurred during the fighting or have become their investigation.
- conduct rescue operations in the event of danger in times of peace or war, as well as a result of man-made disaster or a natural character.
- Priority assistance (medical, including) the people affected in emergency situations or during the conduct of hostilities.In this set of measures, among other things, includes the immediate provision of housing.
- identification and designation of areas that have undergone biological, radioactive, chemical and other types of exposure.
- Decontamination of the population, terrain, buildings and equipment.
- restoration and maintenance of order in the areas affected by the fighting or because of them, and as a result of disaster natural and manmade.
- immediate restoration of utilities necessary to ensure during the war.
- Urgent burial of those killed in the fighting.
- Development and application of measures aimed at preserving the sites of particular importance for the sustainable economic performance and survival of the population during the war.
- Ensuring a constant state of readiness of the forces and means GO.
Service
Russian Civil defense units provided:
- Fields.
- edges.
- Republics.
- subject.
- autonomous districts and regions.
- Cities.
- area.
decisions about the formation services GO take executive bodies, the Government, heads of institutions under their authority.Regulations approved by the relevant officials.
means and forces GO
Civil Defense of the Russian Federation carried out military units that are specifically designed for the tasks.The Armed Forces and other military units carry out their activities in accordance with the regulations of the GO.Bringing units and formations to implement the tasks carried out in the manner approved by the President.Activities of the emergency services is governed by the relevant regulations.All of these are means of formation and civilian forces.
Basics activities
Civil Defense of the Russian Federation provided by military units, which is at the disposal of special equipment, as well as cold and firearms.Servicemen issued corresponding certificates of the established sample.The documents confirming their status.Also on the form of the presence of international civilian decorations.Employees may serve in the relevant federal executive division, which has special powers to address issues of protection of the population.Activity troops GO carried out since the declaration of martial law, the actual outbreak of hostilities declared by the President a state of war and in times of peace during a natural disaster, epizootic, an epidemic in the disaster, major accident, threatening public health and requires rescue andother works urgency.
CSOs
procedure for their formation set by the Government.The structure of civil society organizations may be credited to Russian citizens: women 18-55, men 18-60 years.Except for the following categories:
- military servicemen with mobilization orders.
- women with higher or secondary medobrazovanie and children up to 3 years.
- 1-3 Disabled groups.
- Pregnant women and dependents up to 8 years.
non-military formations
They are a special group of civilians.Their number is determined by the governing documents.Non-military formations equipped property and equipment, which are laid in accordance with the report card.These groups are referred to as "Life (summary) team."Non-military formations are classified according to:
- submission - territorial and object.
- purposes - general, specialized and custom type.
- degree of readiness - and increased daily.
In each region there are separate battalion of civil defense.Depending on the type of emergency, MO identifies certain means and forces, the Interior Ministry - Fire units or teams, the Ministry of Health - the brigade, hospital and polyclinic sets of staff.
signals
They vary depending on the situation.In peacetime, the signal is the same: "Attention all!"The following text, which is being developed at the headquarters of Defense.In the war period the signals;"Radiation danger", "Chemical anxiety", "End air raid," "air raid".In the latter case, the personnel of non-military formations during working hours operates in accordance with the orders of the commanders.In after hours employees take shelter - special constructions of civil defense.
rights of the population in the protection from emergency situations and in the area of civilian
Russian citizens, according to the Law and other normative-legal acts regulating the sphere of Defense, can and should:
- are trained how to protect against the dangers that arise when hostilities orin their result.
- Promote bodies of state power, and the authorized departments in the task of ensuring civil defense.
population has the right to:
- to protect their life, health and personal property in the event of an emergency.
- Wear (collective and individual) and other property designated for protection.
- receive pension benefits in case of death, the deceased or died from disease or injuries received while performing their duty to protect the population and the territory from emergency situations.
- be aware of the dangers to which they may be subjected to when you stay in certain places, and about security measures.
- receive pension benefits if disability due to illness or injury received while working for the protection of emergency.
- Handle in person and sent to the competent authorities of collective petitions and declarations on the protection of territories and nationals of the disaster.
- Get a Free State social insurance, compensation and benefits for the damage during the disaster damage.
- participate in activities to eliminate and prevent emergencies in the prescribed manner.
- Get damages that had been caused to property and health.
Responsibilities population
Russian citizens must:
- comply with the law and other regulations at the federal, subjective values in defense of territories and populations.
- Learn first aid techniques, rules for the use of individual and collective protection.
- observe safety rules during everyday working activities and in everyday life, to prevent violations of the technological and production discipline, and environmental requirements that could lead to disaster.
- Follow all the rules at the risk or emergency.
development prospects GO
enough in the foreseeable future, the structure will be built in accordance with the principle of mobility.This means that governments, agriculture, industry and other economic sectors should be prepared for a rapid transition to operations in accordance with the plans of the military period.Presumably, civil defense will largely territorial, rather than departmental character.This means that each region will be more independent and will solve the problems mostly on their own.
In conclusion
to match the level of modern requirements, must continuously improve the structure of points and authorities, to seek new equipment technical equipment.In addition, it is necessary to constantly improve the methods and organization of activities of all employees, to generalize and develop theoretical and practical experience, improve the preparation of the governing apparatus.
