Russian-speaking diaspora in the world is enormous.Many of its members decide to return to their historical homeland.Tom can help some directions of migration policy of the Russian state.Such as, for example, the enactment of laws that simplify the receipt of people who have significant ties with Russia, the nationality of our country.How does the use of such capabilities is carried out in practice?
obtain citizenship has become easier?
the spring of 2014 the Russian President signed a law that, according to experts and lawyers, largely facilitates the procedure for obtaining certain categories of citizens of the Russian citizenship.What is it?First of all, on the simplified acquisition of Russian citizenship will be able to count the Russian-speaking residents of other countries, provided that their relatives living in the Russian Empire, the Soviet Union or the Russian Federation today.
How assumes the implementation of this procedure?Consider its key aspects.
Features of the new simplified procedure
approximate time period during which all the necessary steps to be carried out, according to innovations in the law - 3 months.For comparison - if a person wants to become a citizen of Russia, but does not speak Russian, and has no family ties with our country, he would have to wait for a chance to obtain citizenship of the order of 5 years (if we talk about the general order of the procedure).You can speed up the process somewhat - as an option by marrying nationals of the Russian Federation.But the timing is obviously not comparable to "favorable" candidates to the citizens of Russia and the people who can expect to receive the corresponding status on general grounds.
terms - a distinct relief, but before you obtain a Russian passport, a person will have to go through several important stages of dialogue with the competent state authorities.To obtain Russian citizenship in a simplified manner a resident of another state, fall under the above criteria have, in particular, to undergo the procedure of interview.It is expected that the Commission will be created, taking the appropriate language "examination".In their composition, as noted in a number of sources, will be attended by linguists.There is evidence that the interview, which is one of the stages of obtaining Russian citizenship in a simplified manner, will be carried out only in oral form.Writing any elements "test" is not expected to pass.
new law on citizenship: the nuances
What is the specific criteria for candidates for the issue of Russian nationality, who established the law for citizenship of the Russian Federation?You can, for example, noted that native Russian speakers recognized the applicants, who use it on a regular basis in the home, in family life.Actually, the circumstances of a person to communicate in their mother tongue and have to figure out the experts on the interview.
Visa - extend
amendments at the new Federal Law on Citizenship of the Russian Federation also include provisions reflecting the sheltered entry candidates for the issue of citizenship of the Russian Federation to our country and finding them here.In particular, the legal act has introduced a new type of visa - especially for those foreigners who have come to Russia to obtain a new nationality.And if the citizens of other countries at the time of the signing of the law are already in Russia, they will be extended for a period of legal stay in the territory of the country.Of course, if they submit an application to the Federal Migration Service of Russia.If not - be in the Russian Federation it will be within the time limits prescribed in immigration documents.At the same time, when you make citizenship through a simplified procedure does not matter in which the legal status of foreigners falling under the main "soft" criteria, within the territory of the Russian Federation.That is, it may be a visa or, for example, a residence permit.
Do I need a renunciation of previous citizenship?
interesting fact is that a simplified form of obtaining Russian citizenship as part of the scheme the default involves a mandatory denial of human allegiance to other countries.However, if you follow the letter of the wording of the law, as noted by the lawyers - this requirement can be avoided on the basis of the wording of "impossibility" renunciation of foreign citizenship due to reasons which "do not depend on a person 'present in the legal act adopted in the spring.
Some lawyers believe the wording in the law does not fully meet a number of other legal provisions in force in the Russian Federation.The fact that dual citizenship, as it is known in Russia legally allowed.And because the relevant provision in this Law, experts say, can be attributed to the psychological component of the process of obtaining Russian citizenship.Man, based on the ideas of the legislator, therefore, is to conscientious objection due to the state where he lived before becoming a citizen of the Russian Federation.
Among other notable legal requirements - the presence of the citizen's livelihood in Russia for the adoption of citizenship of our country.Various lawyers interpret this requirement differently.Some believe that we have in mind a bank account available to use in the Russian Federation, where there is a significant amount of cash.Others believe that a person preferably should have a flat or house in which he will live.Another interesting opinion on this subject - a candidate for citizenship must if you do not present a financial or real estate assets, the Federal Migration Service show that has, say, demand on the labor market of the Russian Federation specialty.
Next remarkable moment, which some experts say: the law on simplified obtaining citizenship, stating that the person applying for citizenship, must prove the relationship with Russia.But it did not say how.No specific criteria in this regard.Lawyers believe that much will depend on this aspect of legal practice.
language aspects
Another interesting aspect - the same language examination.An applicant for citizenship must be, as we have noted above, to prove that he uses the Russian language in the home, in the mode of everyday communication.But this, as noted by several lawyers, not the only one, and, moreover, is not the most important criterion.The fact that the degree of knowledge of the Russian language will be, according to experts, judged not so much by the level of conversation in the interview, but also the correlative frequency of human presence in the Russian-speaking environment - in Russia or abroad.And if, in this sense, for example, the Ukrainians will simplify obtaining Russian citizenship without asking specific questions about the language environment - in the neighboring country a considerable part of the population speaks Russian, how to be, relatively speaking, the descendants of immigrants who live in France,quite clear.However, as some experts believe, it is likely that the staff of the FMS is still strongly prefer not to delve into the analysis of the social environment of the candidate for citizenship.Seeing that he was in Russian says fine, hardly anyone would call into question the ability of man to adapt to communicate in Russian citizenship upon registration.
Citizenship for entrepreneurs
Note that the above Federal Law on Citizenship of the Russian Federation - is not the only legal instrument aimed at facilitating conditions of immigration in the Russian Federation, from among those that were accepted in 2014.In particular, in the autumn of 2014, Russia passed another law - the adoption of Russian citizenship to foreigners engaged in business in this country.According to this legal act, nationals of other countries who are engaged in business or investment activities in Russia for 3 years or more may be eligible for a simplified procedure for obtaining Russian citizenship.
However, the law contains a number of significant, as some experts believe, sectoral restrictions.In particular, the preferential policies of citizenship will not touch the entrepreneurs engaged in trade, accounting, advertising, car repair, catering, real estate work, employment services and recruitment, legal advice, as well as the hotel business.In some sources you can find the explanation for the large number of exceptions to the industry with respect to benefits in obtaining citizenship.For example, there are reports, reflecting the idea that Russia has no shortage of entrepreneurs in the employed specifically in these areas.
simplified procedure in a standard format
worth noting that even before the adoption of appropriate amendments to the Law on Citizenship of the Russian Federation there was a procedure that allows foreigners to obtain Russian citizenship in a simplified manner.Consider the features of the rules that existed before the innovation (and at the same time, is still in force - for people who do not have the ability to get the passport of the Russian Federation in preferential order).
mechanism, in which occurred the adoption of Russian citizenship to the recent reforms (such as on the fact - in relation to non-Russian citizens and those who do not have relations with the Russian Federation), provides the following criteria.
candidate for Russian citizenship can become an adult man, who has the status of a foreigner or a person without a passport of a country and belonging to the following categories:
- persons who have disabled parents who are citizens of the Russian Federation;
- the person holding the passport of the USSR and living in former Soviet republics without issuing citizenship.
In the latter case it is, as noted by several lawyers, as a rule, on persons who as a result of the complexities of immigration processes were basically without citizenship - the Soviet Union ceased to exist and a new passport have not received an independent republic.
Simplified acquisition of citizenship of the Russian Federation in the framework of the standard does not provide for the recently introduced incentives, procedures, is possible if the applicant for Russian citizenship - a child who has one parent has a Russian passport, or a person on whom a citizen of the Russian Federation has issued guardianship.If the two parents, the latter, provided that he is not a citizen of Russia, it must give consent for the child to get the passport of the Russian Federation.
Simplified acquisition of citizenship of the Russian Federation in a standard manner possible for persons who have a passport states formerly part of the Soviet Union, in the presence of the diploma of the Russian high school or secondary vocational education.A key criterion - education, according to documents, should be completed no earlier than July 1, 2002
simplified procedure for obtaining Russian citizenship is possible for those with a passport or the former Soviet republics do not have citizenship of any other State and belonging to the category of disability.A key criterion - the person must be registered in Russia, issued before July 1, 2002 simplified version
obtain Russian citizenship guaranteed by law for foreigners living in Russia, and also meets the following criteria:
- were born in the Russian Federation, were citizens of the Soviet Union;
- are married duration of 3 years or more with the subjects of the Russian Federation;
- belong to the category of persons with disabilities and have children who have Russian passports;
- who have Russian citizenship with minor children, unfit to plead.
become citizens Russia may also foreigners and persons without a passport of any country, subject to the availability of citizenship of the USSR, who came to Russia from the former Soviet republics and have registered in the Russian Federation, issued before July 1, 2002.Another possible criterion for such persons - the existence of a residence permit in Russia.
simplified system of obtaining Russian citizenship guaranteed by law for veterans living in Russia, who had a passport of the USSR.
Another possible scenario registering Russian citizenship in light duty - human participation in a government program to provide assistance to voluntary resettlement to the Russian people living abroad and their families.
simplified citizenship: formalities
How is the procedure for obtaining Russian citizenship in a simplified manner?The script, which we now consider, in general, urgent cases, requests for citizenship on the grounds that the laws were to innovation, and for those that fall under the new criteria.That is, in terms of the sequence of actions of the applicant for Russian citizenship in a simplified manner, it does not matter - he turns, using wording reflected in the version of the law before the reform, or as a person with the appropriate privilege.But the facts, we note the differences.
What is the algorithm design Russian citizenship under the arrangements in question?In principle, nothing complicated here.A person must apply to the territorial body of the Federal Migration Service and fill out an application form there in the prescribed form.This document contains the substance of the issues that reveal aspects of the person applying for citizenship.The application should be formalized in two copies, language compilation - definitely Russian.
This document is necessary to make a different kind of sources confirming the right to obtain Russian citizenship in a simplified manner according to the above reasons.You must also pay a state fee - 2 thousand. Rub.Those persons who have USSR passport, living in former Soviet republics, but do not have citizenship of these countries pay the appropriate fee is not necessary.Give the application and accompanying documents to obtain Russian citizenship and can not in Russia.To this end, the applicant should contact the nearest Consulate of our country in a particular State.
Once the documents to obtain Russian citizenship will be received by employees of the Federal Migration Service, the applicant receives a certificate stating that all sources are accepted, as well as an inventory in support.After that, within 6 months - with bases in force before the reform, and 3 months - in preferential order, the agency will make a decision regarding the issuance of passports Russian man.
Nuances interview
In the second case, within 5 days after submission of documents to the FMS, the Office shall appoint an interview on the knowledge of the Russian language.The commission, which will take "test" will probably go a graduate expert in Russian language from the nearest educational institution of the desired profile.Interview - free.At the time, it takes about half an hour.As we noted at the outset, communication takes place verbally.
If the Commission decides that a person is fluent in Russian, he issued a document confirming this.
If people can not get around the requirement to renounce the citizenship of the country where he lived before deciding to move to Russia, he will also have to devote time to the appropriate interaction with the migration agencies of the former State, as well as informing about the process of the Russian Federal Migration Service.
information about what the result of the Federal Migration Service, is transferred to the applicant, usually by mail - but the specific territorial structure of FMS in different regions can determine their own channels of communication with citizens.If a positive decision, the person is invited for a passport of the Russian Federation.
