Journalism, like other professions, has its own characteristics.Here, professionals face the challenge of finding the theme and its execution in text form.For a correct reflection of reality and presenting their own thoughts journalist must first perfect knowledge of the language and its modern standards, then the possession of literary talent, which allows you to "feel" the words and intuitively distinguish their semantic features (and thus harmoniously them embedded in text), andFinally, a basic knowledge of textual criticism, which will give an understanding of genres.
In this article we consider the basic journalistic genres that are typical for periodicals.However, this does not mean that they are irrelevant to the television or broadcast journalism, because they are characterized by a common semantic framework and structure of the text, and the main difference between them is only to use: one will be printed in editions while others voiced speakers or presenters.
Information genres of journalism
We begin by describing the most common by far the media genres - information.Modern conditions dictate the accelerated pace of life: in the unit of time is the mass of events, which needs to know the public, and this genre structure is able to meet these requirements: turning on the television, open a newspaper or by switching the FM station, we will meet a summary of short messages, which are responsiblethe main question: "What?""Who?""Where?""When?""How?".
This group of genres prevalent in the electronic media and periodicals.It prevails where required daily publication or broadcast, so the logs, leaving a rare intervals, not saturated with information text.
main representatives:
- note;
- informational interview;
- correspondence information;
- report;
- information report;
- quiz.
most common among them are reporting, review and correspondence.
characteristic features of this group of genres:
- small volume;
- accuracy terms, the lack of visual resources;
- absence of the author's assessment covered the events / phenomena;
- faktologichnost description and content.
Analytical genres of journalism
This group of genres represented the diversity of species.They are now not so common for the periodicals and television and radio this is unusual genres.However, there are specialized magazines and television programs devoted to the phenomena of modern analytics.
main representatives of the genre:
- analytical report;
- analytical interviews;
- analytical correspondence;
- conversation;
- monitoring;
- comment;
- article;
- review;
- Review;
- journalistic investigation.
Such materials are among the most common.On television, they released most of the evening, and in the periodical are assigned whole column.In fact, they are very valuable to journalism as a social phenomenon, because they give the author an opportunity to express their own opinions and open up the world a new look at ordinary things.
characteristic features of this group of genres:
- presence of the author's assessment;
- large volume of material;
- analyst;
- display of internal connections between events, phenomena and personalities;
- forecasting assumptions.
artistic and journalistic genres of journalism
This group unites most genres of journalism and literature.Mastering them indicates a high level of skill of the journalist, who is able to not only "get" information and analyze it, but also to bring an art form.These genres of journalism require a rich vocabulary, and most importantly - a literary talent.Currently, they are not so common in periodicals, on television and radio, as before, but still occur in specialized programs and publications (mainly magazines).It is believed that today in this periodical journalism does not exist, but we do not adhere to a pessimistic point of view.
main representatives:
- essay;
- skit;
- pamphlet;
- legend;
- anecdote.
So, the most prominent representative of the genre is the essay which especially suggest the possibility of maximum disclosure literary talent journalist.
genre characteristics:
- literary;
- artistry (presence in the text of graphic means);
- emotional intensity;
- deeper understanding of reality (the author's).
ease development of these genres of journalism depends to a large extent on the presence of the author's literary talent than his skills and perfect knowledge of the language.
