ability of the soil to saturate the plants during their growth and fruiting nutrients, water and air is called fertility.From its size is directly dependent crop yields.
Scientists have long been looking for a way to maintain universal fertility fields.The paper considers a number of options with which you can maintain the nutritional value of soil at the proper level.
Standard methods
Verified agro-technical measures, by means of which the preservation of soil fertility are:
- Regular application of organic matter.Such fertilizers are universal.They improve the structure of heavy soils and associated light supeschanniki.
- Proper processing fields, the rejection of unwieldy equipment and cultivators, who converted the top layer of earth in the dust.Fertility simply "blown away" from the fields.
- regulation of acid-base balance of the Earth by liming or acidification.
- Crop rotation - a tried and tested way of maintaining the fertility of the fields.The main essence of the reception is the correct sequence of crops crops to maintain soil nutrient balance, minimizing the accumulation of pathogens.
- fallow - expensive, but a good way to maintain the fertility of the fields.In one season on the ground did not sow, letting it rest, to gather strength before the new harvest.
- use of green fertilizer - green manure.
Environmental Hazard
in recent years have increasingly said that the best way to maintain the fertility of the fields to be ecological and completely natural.Black couples, green manure, crop rotation and organic fertilizers will not bring harm.
chemicals - fertilizers, reclamation - is not able to ensure the safety of the biosystem.Accumulate in the soil, getting into the groundwater and surface water flushing, chemicals reach dangerous concentrations for the living organism.The consequences of this process can be not only poison the environment, but also the death of the individual species.
Innovation
MD, biotechnology Igonin AMHe offered a revolutionary way to maintain the fertility of the fields - the use of earthworms to produce vermicompost - a highly effective organic fertilizer.
method is very cheap and easy to implement.It is only necessary to fertilize organic fields, populated by earthworms.It is best suited for this purpose special red Californian worm.
work, earthworms transform organic fertilizer humate has a number of useful properties of plants.Thanks to him, increased productivity, reduced and become more uniform ripening, improved product quality.Humates are also able to neutralize toxins in the soil.
use of earthworms as a way to maintain the fertility of the fields, and innovation is not yet widely implemented in the farms of the Russian Federation.
