profitability - is a universal relative parameter, which characterizes the degree of efficiency of industrial, commercial or other economic activities, including in the use of natural resources.In the general view shows the profitability of the amount of profit that a business entity may acquire or received per unit of capital.This is taken into account the cost of all consumed resources of the enterprise or organization, regardless of the origin of the resource.It is this latter condition makes profitability complex parameter whose formation depends on many factors.
In the classic version of profitability is defined as the mathematical value of the coefficient representing the ratio of the balance sheet profit to the amount of capital cost expended for a certain period.Thus, logically concluded that this parameter indirectly dependent on other cost efficiency.
complex nature of the ROI includes components such parameters as product profitability, sales, return on assets and assets, profitability and other personnel.A special role in determining the profitability of capital investment plays, which is characterized by the ratio of profit to the average debt capital for a certain period.Therefore, the overall economic profitability of the company, which operates under the implementation of innovative investment projects largely depends on the effectiveness of their implementation, because it is here, as a rule, concentrated the bulk of the investment capital.
Effective implementation of investment projects largely depends on the quality of the functioning of the innovation center, which can be created as an autonomous unit of the enterprise, and on the basis of an existing one.
success of the innovation center is determined by the presence of human capacity, able to offer new creative ideas and solutions, or to find non-traditional fields of application of the known solutions to implement in-notational projects.
study of creative ideas that determine the profitability of production, shows that in most cases acts as a source of patent fund.Conducting patent research reveals trends, the current level of technology, to select the most promising inventions and industrial designs, which can be the basis for the development of competitive products or technologies or to be used as prototypes for new patentable solutions with high commercial potential.
is important to have in the organization of methodology for assessing the technical and economic importance of the choice of technical solutions for innovative projects in terms of their successful commercialization and conditions that apply production profitability.It shows it or not, the real success of the dependence of innovation on profitability, is widely reflected in the modern economic literature.The importance of a number of authors proposed technical solutions characterized by indicators such as the degree of novelty, prospects, technology, the expected effect of the conditions of implementation and others. Each of the characteristics is represented as a system of indicators, which provides expert evaluation in points.Assess the impact of inventions and other decisions on the achievement of expected technical and economic parameters, obviously, it is possible with a ranked list of indicators for a particular object.That is, all these figures are almost comparable to those used for the analysis of the overall economic performance.In this case, the profitability of production shows how effective the investment capital allocated to the implementation of innovative projects, and can be considered as a component reflecting the overall profitability.
In foreign practice (USA, Canada, etc.) Is widely used system is a preliminary assessment of innovations on the basis of multi-criteria approach.In the US, for example, in 1988, adopted a special law on technological responsibility and a national assessment of technology innovation.The main criteria for the selection of promising innovations are market parameters: the growth in demand for a certain product, the assessment of market risk, the state of competition, the required investment and profitability, as well.
