Unfortunately, many men of mature age are faced with such unpleasant problem as BPH.What it is?What causes such a disease?How it can be dangerous?What treatments are available?This information is interested in many of the stronger sex.After all, the earlier the disease is diagnosed, the easier it will get rid of it, to avoid dangerous and unpleasant consequences.
What is BPH?
According to statistics, about 50% of men over fifty years, faced with a disease called BPH.What it is?Can I somehow avoid or slow the progression of the disease?These issues are extremely important and painful for men.After all, in fact, many patients are silent about their problems as long as the disease does not go into a more serious form.
If you are interested in what adenoma, to begin with it should be said that the name is slightly out of date.Modern medicine increasingly to denote the disease using the term "benign prostatic hypertrophy".The process of developing the disease begins with the formation in the tissues of the prostate small nodule (sometimes that just a few), which is gradually (and sometimes quite rapidly) increases.By changing the size, the prostate gland begins to squeeze the urine channel, preventing the normal flow of urine - this phenomenon is not only unpleasant, but also extremely dangerous, as the impact on the whole of the excretory system.In fact, the tumor is a hyperplastic (overgrown) lacunar cancer.
way, adenoma - a benign tumor that, despite the rapid growth possible, does not give metastases to other organs.Therefore the disease with the right approach is perfectly amenable to therapy.The main thing here - to notice worrying signs and seek professional help.
main causes of disease
Immediately it is worth noting that scientists are still studying the mechanism of the development and causes of the disease.One thing is for sure: the appearance of adenomas is related to age-related changes of the body.For example, young people diagnosed with adenoma is extremely rare.But after 70 years, approximately 75% of men suffer from one or another stage of the disease.
hyperplasia is associated with hormonal changes, fluctuations in the level of sex hormones, which will inevitably occur in the process of aging.In favor of this theory is evidenced by the fact that among neutered or castrated males hyperplasia cases were not recorded.
There are other, indirect factors that can cause a disease called BPH.What is the reason?First of all, doctors note that any changes in lifestyle and bad habits (smoking, alcohol abuse and drug dependence) increase the risk of hyperplasia.Risk factors also include poor nutrition, constant stress, severe psycho-emotional stress, the negative impact of the external environment.Naturally, by themselves, these factors provoke adenomas can not.Nevertheless, they somehow affect the endocrine system, affect hormone levels, which, respectively, can cause or accelerate the growth of existing adenomas.
There is speculation that takes place here is some genetic inheritance.Unfortunately, the exact confirmation of this hypothesis is not as hard to determine whether or not hyperplasia is associated with hereditary or occurs with aging.
What is accompanied by symptoms of the disease?
Although adenoma - a benign tumor, the disease may be different.For example, some men hyperplasia may develop slowly without letting itself known for 20-30 years.In other patients, on the contrary, had a tumor grows to a critical size for 1-3 years.That is why every man should be carefully monitored for any changes in health.
Of course, there are certain symptoms that characterize prostate adenoma.What are these signs?In most cases, such a disease is accompanied by growing problems with urination, and sexual dysfunction.
In the initial stages of hyperplasia can be noted a decrease in the urine stream.In the future, there are so-called "empty" desires, when men have a desire to help, but nothing comes out.As the disease the patient begins to wake up at night (and sometimes up to 4 times) in order to empty the bladder.In the future, men begin to notice that they need to empty the strain, use your abdominal muscles.
often against a background of hyperplasia observed leakage of urine when the bladder does not empty completely and urine rests passively follow, leaving stains on the underwear.
worth noting that quite often is associated with adenoma of chronic prostatitis (inflammation of the tissues of the prostate).In such cases, along with other symptoms are also worried about the pain when urinating, and in periods of exacerbation - weakness, fever.If you notice such symptoms it is better to consult a specialist and undergo diagnosis.
Possible complications of adenoma
course, if untreated, these diseases can cause prostate complications, and quite dangerous.Many men report the presence of blood in urine.The emergence of such symptoms are associated with changes in the veins of the bladder neck, as well as an increase in blood pressure in the vessels of the pelvis.
strong increase or swelling of the prostate can lead to a complete overlap of the urinary channel and the emergence of acute urinary retention.This condition is extremely dangerous, as it may cause damage to the bladder, and kidney malfunction.In addition, it is very painful.
The most common complications include adenoma and inflammatory diseases.By the way, inflammation can develop not only in cancer tissue (prostate), but also affect any portion of the excretory system.Patients often suffer from urethritis, cystitis, pyelonephritis, epididymitis, and so on. D. By the way, a chronic inflammation of the kidneys in the absence of timely treatment can lead to kidney failure.
Modern methods of diagnosis
To start the doctor will try to compile a complete medical history, conduct a survey, ask about symptoms present.Later, as a rule, should be digital examination of the prostate gland, which is by far the most simple and accessible method of diagnosis.After a prostate massage to take samples of laboratory analysis of the gland secretions.
addition requires a swab from the urethra, which helps to determine the presence of infection.If you suspect an adenoma or any other diseases of the prostate is carried ultrasound, which helps to determine the exact size of the prostate, the presence of stones, as well as to establish whether there is stagnation.
for an accurate diagnosis is important and uroflowmetry - a comprehensive study, which helps determine the speed of a jet of urine and emptying the bladder and some other important factors.
important part of the diagnosis, the PSA prostate adenoma.This study helps to identify in the blood called prostate-specific antigen, which are a kind oncomarkers.This analysis helps to detect the presence of malignancy.By the way, men aged 50 and older are recommended from time to time to take this analysis as a preventive measure.
How to treat an adenoma?The main types of treatment
Today, there are several ways to treat such diseases.Incidentally, the diagnosis process is not only necessary to detect the problem, but also to determine the most suitable therapy for the disease, "benign prostatic hypertrophy".Methods of treatment can be either conservative or surgical.
the early stages of the development of the disease can be stopped or slowed down with the help of drugs.But, again, conservative treatment will only postpone the operation for a few years (or decades), but can not completely eliminate the tumor has appeared.
The most effective surgical treatment of adenoma, as it helps to quickly resolve all the existing problems.Moreover, many men seek help is already on the stage of the disease, when conservative therapy does not make sense.
Medication
Again, it should be said that the drug treatment helps only in the early stages.Naturally, various drugs are used in any therapy, but usually - in combination with surgery.
primarily patients administered inhibitors of 5-alpha reductase inhibitor (e.g., "Proscar") and alpha blockers (drugs are considered fairly good "Okas" "Omnic").Positively on state and prostatic endocrine system affecting immunostimulants (e.g., "reoferon" and "Pyrogenalum").In the presence of inflammation or infection control is mandatory reception antibacterial agents, such as antibiotics of the cephalosporin or gentamicin.
Patients also prescribe medicines that improve the processes of blood circulation in the prostate and eliminate congestion.The most popular today medicine is "Trental".
Along with taking drugs to patients and recommend the right diet, an active lifestyle, specific exercises (Kegel complex for men).
Endoscopic treatments
Unfortunately, in some cases, without surgical intervention is indispensable.Surgical treatment of BPH is shown in the following cases:
- acute urinary retention;
- renal failure that occurred on the background of adenomas;
- presence of stones in the bladder;
- large diverticula of the bladder;
- constant presence of blood in the urine;
- recurrent infection of the excretory system.
Only a doctor decides what type of operation will be carried out.In the presence of acute urinary retention cystostomy first conducted in which a doctor surgically creates an external fistula of the bladder with a hole in the pubic area.Many patients resist such interference.Nevertheless, it is necessary, as before removal of the prostate or performing other manipulations are extremely important to restore the normal flow of urine and conduct prevention of infectious diseases.By the way, it is proved that the postoperative complications in patients who cystostomy, occur much less frequently.
Today there are many minimally invasive procedures and endoscopic operations, which are conducted through the urinary tract, leaving no serious injuries and scars.For example, some patients put the so-called stents in the urethra, which prevent the narrowing of its lumen.It normalizes the flow of urine, but, alas, does not stop the process of cancer growth.By the way, such stents need to be changed often.
What is capable of removing prostate adenoma?Operation transurethral resection is currently considered the gold standard.Doctor using endoscopic instruments removes part of the prostate through the urethra.In addition, it is possible transurethral incision in which the prostate is not removed, but rather is cut to relieve the pressure from the urinary canal.
fairly new procedure is considered laser surgery of BPH.Price it a little higher, but similar technique has several important advantages.In particular, laser removal is much faster, less often accompanied by complications and minimizes the probability of infection of the tissues.
If you have a small tumor can be performed transurethral microwave therapy.During the procedure, the doctor inserts a special instrument through the urinary canal, and then destroys the prostate tissue by heat generated from the electrodes.This technique is also quite popular, and almost harmless, but, unfortunately, is not for everyone.
success of surgery largely depends on the physiological characteristics of the patient and the stage of the disease, and on the qualifications of the doctor.According to statistics, about 25% of patients say the presence of the same symptoms (urinary leakage, impaired urination, urgency night) even after resection.
Adenoma of the prostate: surgery
In most cases, solve the problem with the prostate is possible by means of minimally invasive methods.But in some cases, patients showed the so-called radical prostatectomy.This operation is usually carried out in the presence of a malignant tumor.If an adenoma it is prescribed only in cases when other methods do not work, or for one reason or another can not be applied.
Radical prostatectomy involves the complete removal of the prostate gland, and sometimes the surrounding tissues.The procedure requires direct incision in the abdomen or in the crotch area.Naturally, this operation is more dangerous in terms of complications.For example, during the removal it is very easy to catch the nerves leading to the penis, which is fraught with violations of potency.In addition, a high probability of communicable diseases.
disease prevention
Unfortunately, such prostate diseases are extremely common.That is why many men are interested in questions about whether it is possible somehow to protect themselves from the disease, or at least reduce the likelihood of complications.
Prevention of BPH - a healthy lifestyle.In particular, men in adulthood (and not only) should be more closely follow the diet.For example, the diet must be present fresh fruits and vegetables, but the amount of animal protein with age should be reduced.Abuse of hot and spicy food often leads to constipation, which stimulates the growth of the tumor.A negative impact on health and fried foods.In addition, experts recommend to avoid alcohol and caffeine products (coffee, chocolate, cola, energy).At least 1-2 times a year should not take multivitamin complexes, as is not always possible to obtain all the necessary nutrients from food.
very important part of prevention is physical activity.We must not forget about charging as possible access to the gym.You can use any feasible exercise, even if it's just walking.Physical inactivity - a factor which negatively affects the work of the body, hormonal background and therefore can stimulate the development of the disease.
