Let's take a virtual journey through our diverse living planet Earth, inhabited by many different things, one only species which has more than two million.And how many yet undiscovered by science?Today we will talk to you about, home to living organisms on our planet, the name space and the environment where they may exist.But first, let's say a few words about the terms we use.
habitat of living organisms
What is meant by habitat?This is the space in which, in fact, takes the life of organisms.And if its origin is not associated with the life of creatures, it means that we are dealing with nonliving environment (abiotic).
media types
In science, four types of environments suitable for life: soil, water, land, air.Fourth among scientists themselves admit living organisms that give shelter to creatures, parasites, which are used for their ability to live the bodies of other animals or plants.
role of habitat
- body gets food from the environment.A certain environment, in turn, may limit the dispersal of individual creatures throughout the space inhabited by living organisms on our planet.For example, because of the severe frosts in the Arctic Circle can live only a few species.In the Sahara Desert, where the highest possible temperature, survive the other, and for many this habitat of living organisms is a kind of barrier, an obstacle that can not be overcome.
- Wednesday, inhabited by living organisms on the planet, provides not only the existence and adaptation.It affects these organisms, causing them to evolve and change them.As a result, survival of the fittest and the most resistant species.
- life and work of creatures, in turn, also have quite a strong influence on certain media, and sometimes even perform environmental functions.So, for example, the plants tend to release oxygen into the atmosphere that it supports the right balance.And many plants waste their activities create soil structure, there is a special microclimate that promotes the development of other organisms, such as fungi or bacteria.Since Wednesday, inhabited by living organisms on the planet, in fact in many respects shaped by these organisms themselves.
Water
This is the most ancient of known environments.According to scientific data, life on Earth originated in the waters of the oceans that covered in those ancient times the entire planet.And already then it spread to the soil structure.But not all bodies of water suitable for life.So, for example, in the great depths of the Black Sea (below 200 meters) there is a high content of hydrogen sulfide, so there is life virtually impossible.And in many coastal waters of seas and oceans, on the contrary, its diversity is amazing.Water, which is home to living organisms on our planet - the environment is very favorable.A lot of fish, shellfish, algae prefer to live there.Among aquatic organisms, there are those who have to breathe the air, it is necessary periodically emerges from the depths of the sea: whales and dolphins, for example.
ground-air
It is home to the majority of mammals (including man), birds and higher plants.And for many insects is characterized by the combination of media: the emergence in the soil and the continued existence in the land-air.So do the amphibians, in the name of which can be seen this combination.
Soil
in the soil and have moisture and nutrients.Therefore many organisms prefer it as a favorable environment.These include many species of bacteria and fungi, insects (life cycle that begins in the soil environment), some mammals, arachnids, worms.Thus, in one square centimeter of black earth can host millions of living creatures - bacteria that are invisible to the naked eye.
Fourth environment - living organisms
Some organisms are favorable habitat for micro-organisms (bacteria of the same, for example).For example, in cow's stomach it takes approximately one third of the weight of biomass, comprising microbial aids digestion.But among these creatures there are parasites that produce pathogenic microflora, at a certain concentration is the "boss" can become sick and even die.
information presented in the article may be used for the lesson on "inhabited by living organisms on our planet?" (Class 5).
