Volga - the great Russian river, it became a symbol of our country.Composed songs about her, she became the character of legends, epics, tales and literary works.At the sight of the beauty of landscapes, framing the main artery of European Russia, the soul of every patriot is filled with joy and peace.The population of the Volga region is composed of people of different nations living together and working for the glory of their region and the whole of Russia.
gray-haired old
Russian Volga became at once: from time immemorial on its banks based their state education ethnicities, which have become rooted in the Volga region.Of the population are Bulgarians, Cumans, Mongols, Khazars and other representatives of Asian nations.Archaeological finds eloquent testimony to the high level of civilization of the Volga the centuries.Here we found a place for the strong points on his way to the West countless hordes of the Astrakhan Khanate and Golden Horde.An important historical landmark steel times Astrakhan and Kazan Khanate.Russian population of the Volga region start to increase rapidly with the expansion of the borders of Russia.The first cities on the banks of the river began to Samara, founded in 1586, and then Tsaritsyn (1589) and Saratov (1590).And since the second half of the XVI century started the process of colonization of the Volga lands.They attracted Russian autocrats countless fish and soil resources, as well as extremely important in geopolitical terms, strategically located, allowing to control the Asia-Europe trade route.
agricultural region
Until the middle of XIX century the Volga lands serve as a basis for the development of the agricultural sector.Local soils allow to grow good crops, fish wealth was incalculable, and the forest median strip have become a real treasure for the producers, to submit their goods to all corners of the empire.Gardens became the largest supplier of commercial enterprises, and even the king's table.In the second half of the XVII century the population of the Volga region was supplemented and enriched by immigrants from Germany, invited by Catherine the Great to improve the demographic picture of the region and borrowing European agricultural technologies.Agriculture before the revolution remains an important source of income of each of the provincial treasury.Strongly here was hleborobstvo, and livestock, and to all in the bargain, and even salt extraction.Ukrainian population of the Volga region was in some counties up to 7% of the total and was presented settle here, "Chumak", that is a professional supplier of salt, so important and scarce in those days the product.Today, Little Russian surnames are not uncommon.
industrial boom in the late nineteenth century, the population and economy of the Volga region have undergone major changes due to the inevitable industrial revolution is gaining momentum.The empire was built, she needed cement, and in the Saratov province were the most important production of building materials.Plants have evolved, they have become necessary equipment - and puffed pipes machine tool enterprises Tsaritsyn.Volga is becoming increasingly important nationwide transport channel - in Nizhny Novgorod built Sormovo shipyard.Within a half-two decades of the industrial potential of the region has increased several times.The rural population of the Volga region flocked to the city, it began a natural for the industrialized countries, the process of urbanization.The Revolution and the ensuing civil war, followed by a massive hunger, slowed down the development of the region, but not for long.The potential of the Volga region was very high.
Hunger
Civil War brought untold hardships to the edge.Population and economy of the Volga region have declined as a result of the fighting and the ruthless policies of food surplus, the Bolsheviks carried out across the country.In 1921, in the region of famine, exacerbated by drought led to crop failure.His victims were five million people, includes all social groups and nationalities inhabiting the region.The population of the Volga at the time was 25 million people.Thus, from the unthinkable died of hunger every five people recently prosperous region of the empire.Indirect victims of this disaster and the Ukrainian peasantry was subjected to an equally ruthless is distributed under the pretext of famine relief.Towards the train with food trains were filled with Red Army mobilized from the affected areas.Lenin demanded to urge the Red Army Volzhan million.
Organized by them, the Bolsheviks fought hunger, confiscating church property, and defile the temple.Much assistance was provided by foreign organizations.By 1921, hunger has become less acute, but its consequences affected for a long time.
Between the wars
In the interwar period economy edge developed according to the approved master plan.During the five-year plans were built power plant, built light industry.Widely used as a legacy of the tsarist regime (some of then laid down factories operate to this day).Much attention was paid to raising educational institutions on kotoryhy preparing new proletarian cadres.Features of the population of the Volga region it was impossible to ignore - there is a need in the weighted national policy that requires a special approach in each case.As an example of such activities can result in the establishment of the republic of the Volga Germans, which existed from 1923 to 1941.
accelerated pace of development of the region during the war.In the Volga region were evacuated many of the areas of production, captured Nazi occupiers.Most of these companies have stayed here, and after the victory.
Development also received the chemical and petroleum industries.
industrial development and personnel
Volga industrialization efforts yielded results.Of the ten vehicles produced in the country, seven were produced on the banks of the great Russian river (Ulyanovsk and Tolyatti).Several modest affairs with trucks, but every tenth - is also not so little.In the city of Engels (Saratov region) is working powerful Trolleybus Plant.The region has a whole range of enterprises, highly accurate instrument-manufactured products (including defense purposes).Aircraft and machine tool industry also presented serious.The population of the Volga region - a source of skilled labor, which had been engaged in many universities.By many indicators, the region is successfully competing with developed industrial areas such as the Urals and Central.
Today
Volga region today - the vast part of the territory of Russia (more than 6% of its entire area), which includes the field of conventionally divided into three groups:
- Verhnevolzhskie: Moscow, Nizhny Novgorod, Ivanovo, Kostroma and Yaroslavl;.
- Srednevolzhskaya: Samara and Ulyanovsk, as well as the Republic of Chuvashia, Tatarstan and Mari El.
- Nizhnevolzhkie: Samara, Ulyanovsk, Saratov and Volgograd plus the Republic of Kalmykia and Tatarstan.
They are part of two federal districts (the Volga and Southern).
live in the region of 17 million Russians.
density of population of the Volga region is extremely heterogeneous, it is three times higher than the national average (31 pers. / Sq. Km), but in the Republic of Kalmykia is very small - only 4.3 persons / sq. M.km.
specific national composition: here live 16% of Tatars, 5% Mordovtsev and Chuvash, presents and other nations, but most of all Russian - up to 70%.
90 cities in the Volga region, three of which - "one million" (Samara, Kazan and Volgograd).Probably, in the next few years they will be joined Saratov.
Population growth is characterized by a high rate, but this is largely explained by the large number of migrants.Edge is really good, he predicted good prospects and come here willing to relocate.
