Among the major modern international organizations - the Eurasian Economic Union.Formally, it was established in 2014, but by the time of signing the agreement on its establishment of the state-participants of the EAEC already had considerable experience of working in the active mode of economic integration.What is the specificity of the EAEC?What is it - the economic or political union?
General information about the organization
We begin the study of the question posed by considering the key facts about the organization concerned.What are the most noteworthy information about the EAEC?What is the structure?
Eurasian Economic Union, or EAEC, - an association in the framework of international economic co-operation of several states of the Eurasian region - Russia, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Belarus and Armenia.It is expected to join in the association of other countries, as the Eurasian Economic Union (EAEC) - open structure.The main thing is that candidates for membership in the association shares the goals of the organization and showed a willingness to perform under the relevant treaty obligations.The creation of structures preceded the establishment of the Eurasian Economic Community and Customs Union (which continues to function as one of the structures of the EAEC).
How did the idea of the formation of the EAEC
As evidenced by a number of sources, the state, the first to initiate the process of economic integration in the post-Soviet space, which grew into an institution EAEC - Kazakhstan.Nursultan Nazarbayev voiced the idea at an appropriate speech at Moscow State University in 1994.Later, the concept was supported by other former Soviet republics - Russia, Belarus, Armenia and Kyrgyzstan.
main advantage of being part of the state in the Eurasian Economic Union - freedom of economic activity registered its entities on the territory of all member countries of the Union.It is expected the imminent formation of the institutions on the basis of the EAEC common commercial space, which is characterized by common standards and norms of doing business.
Is there a place political cooperation?
So EAEC - it is solely the economic structure or association which may be characterized by political component of integration?Currently and in the near future, as evidenced by various sources, it would be correct to speak about the first interpretation of the nature of the association.That is the political aspect - is excluded.Countries will be integrated in pursuit of economic interests.
There is information on initiatives related to the creation of some supranational parliamentary structures within the EAEC.But the Republic of Belarus, Kazakhstan, as evidenced by a number of sources, without considering the possibility of their participation in the building of the relevant political communications.Countries wishing to maintain full sovereignty, agreeing only on economic integration.
However, many experts and ordinary people is clear how close political relations between the countries of the EAEC.The composition of this structure is formed closest allies, have no fundamental disagreements publicly expressed about the difficult situation in the global arena.This allows some analysts to draw conclusions about the economic integration in the framework of this association would be very difficult under significant political differences of the participating associations.
history EAEC
better understand the specifics of the EAEC (what kind of organization), we will study some facts from the history of the association.In 1995, heads of several countries - Belarus, Russia, Kazakhstan, and later - Kyrgyzstan and Tajikistan sign an agreement establishing the Customs Union.On this basis, in 2000, it was established the Eurasian Economic Community, or EEC.In 2010, a new association - the Customs Union.In 2012 it opened the single economic space - first with the participation of member states of the Customs Union, and then - to the structure joined by Armenia and Kyrgyzstan.
In 2014, Russia, Kazakhstan and Belarus signed an agreement on the establishment of the EAEC.Later, he was joined by Armenia and Kyrgyzstan.The provisions of the appropriate instrument to take effect from 2015.EAEC Customs Union continues, as we noted above, to function.It includes the same countries as in the EAEC.
progressive development
Thus, States Parties to the EAEC - Belarus, Kazakhstan, Russia, Armenia, Kyrgyzstan - began to interact long before the relevant Association was established in its present form.According to some analysts, the Eurasian Economic Union - an example of an international organization with a progressive, systematic development of integration processes, which can predetermine considerable resistance corresponding structure.
Milestones EAEC
identified several stages of development of the Eurasian Economic Union.The first - is the establishment of a free trade zone, the development of standards by which trade between Member States can be carried out without the EAEC duties.In addition, each state retains autonomy in terms of doing business with third countries.
EAEC next stage of development - the formation of the Customs Union, involving the formation of economic space in which the movement of goods will be carried out without hindrance.This should also be identified are common to all participating countries the rules of association of foreign trade.
important stage of development alliance - forming a single market.It is expected that will create economic space within which you want the free exchange of not only goods, but also services, capital and human resources - among the association members.
next step - the formation of an economic union, whose members will be able to coordinate the implementation of the priorities of economic policy among themselves.
Once the above tasks are solved, it will achieve full economic integration of member states of the union.It involves the creation of a supranational framework that will define the priorities in building economic and social policy in all countries of the Union.
Benefits EAEC
consider in detail the key benefits that accrue to members of the EAEC.Above we noted that among the key - the freedom of economic activity of business entities that are registered in any State of the Union throughout the EAEC.But this is not the only advantage of the entry of the state in the studied organization.
EAEC members will be able to:
- to take advantage of lower prices for many goods, as well as reduce the costs associated with the transportation of goods;
- dynamic markets by increasing competition;
- increase productivity;
- to increase the volume of the economy due to the increase in demand for manufactured goods;
- ensure the employment of nationals.
Growth in GDP
even for economically powerful players such as Russia, EAEC - a major factor of economic growth.Russia's GDP, according to some economists, perhaps because of the accession countries at the relevant association, to get a very powerful incentive to growth.The impressive figures of GDP growth could reach other EAEC member states - Armenia, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Belarus.
social aspect of integration
Apart from the positive economic effect EAEC member countries, are expected to be integrated also in the social aspect.International business activity, as many experts believe, will contribute to the establishment of partnerships to promote cultural exchanges, strengthen friendship of nations.Integration processes are facilitated by a common Soviet past of the peoples living in the countries of the Eurasian Economic Union.Obvious cultural and, most importantly, - linguistic proximity of the EAEC.The composition of the organization form of the country where the Russian language is familiar to most of the population.Thus, many factors may contribute to the successful solution of problems faced by the heads of member states of the Eurasian Economic Union.
supranational structures
of the EAEC Treaty was signed, the case for its implementation.Among the most important tasks in the development of the Eurasian Economic Union - the creation of a number of supranational institutions, whose activities will be aimed at facilitating economic integration processes.In accordance with a number of public sources, it is expected the formation of some of the basic institutions of the EAEC.What is the structure can be?
First of all, the various commissions:
- on the economy;
- for raw materials (it will be engaged in price-fixing and quota for goods and fuel, to coordinate policy in the sphere of circulation of precious metals);
- on interstate financial and industrial associations and enterprises;
- Commissioning currency for settlements;
- on environmental issues.
also assumes creation of a special fund which is in charge - the cooperation in various fields: the economy, the development of science and technology.It is expected that the organization will deal with the financing of the various studies to help participants to co-operation in a broad range of issues - legal, financial, or, for example, environmental.
Other important supranational structure of the EAEC, which planned to create - an international investment bank, as well as the arbitration of the Eurasian Economic Union.
Among successfully created associations affiliated to the management structure of the EAEC - Eurasian Economic Commission.The peculiarities of its activity in detail.
Eurasian Economic Commission
may be noted that the ECE was founded in 2011, that is, even before the agreement was signed on the establishment of the EAEC.It established Russia, Kazakhstan and Belarus.Initially, the organization was created to manage processes at the level of such a structure as the Customs Union.EAEC - the structure, the development of which the Commission intended to be directly involved today.
The Council established ECE and colleagues.As part of the first structure must be deputy heads of the governments of the member associations.The board must work of three of the participating countries EAEC.Within the Commission envisages the creation of separate departments.
Eurasian Economic Commission - the most important, but not the most important supranational body control EAEC.It is subordinated to the Supreme Eurasian Economic Council.Consider the key facts about him.
Supreme Eurasian Economic Council
This structure, as well as the Eurasian Economic Commission, was created a few years before the signature of the treaty establishing the EAEC.Thus, for a long time it was considered as a supranational authority in the structure of the Customs Union and the Common Economic Space.The Council formed the heads of state participating in the EAEC.At intervals not less than 1 time in a year it shall meet at the highest level.Heads of governments of member associations must meet at least two times a year.The peculiarity of the functioning of the Council - decisions are made in the form of consensus.Approval of the Regulations required for the implementation in the Member States EAEC.
Prospects EAEC
As the outlook of the EAEC analysts?We have noted that some experts believe: at the same time economic integration unavoidably political rapprochement of the States Parties association.There are experts who share this view.Some experts did not agree with her.The main argument of those analysts who see the prospect of politicization EAEC - that Russia, as a leading economic player association somehow will influence decisions by the authorities of States Parties EAEC solutions.Opponents of this view believe that just the opposite, not in the interests of the Russian Federation to show excessive interest in the politicization of the relevant international associations.
Subject to the balance between economic and political component of the EAEC perspectives Union, on the basis of a set of objective indicators are evaluated by many analysts as very positive.Thus, the total GDP of the member states considered the structure will be comparable with indicators of the leading economies of the world.Taking into account the scientific and resource potential of the EAEC volumes of economic systems of the participating countries of the Union may grow significantly in the future.
cooperation at the global level
According to some analysts, the prospects of cooperation with the EAEC attractive to countries that seemingly are far from the economic space formed by the signatories of the EAEC Treaty - Russia, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Belarus and Armenia.For example, the recent free trade agreement with Vietnam EAEC signed.
interested in cooperation, Syria, Egypt.It gives analysts a reason to say that the Eurasian Economic Union may become a powerful player in the global market.
