The merger of Upper and Lower kingdoms to 3000 BC.e.It formed the ancient state.According to the calculation of the priest Manetho, there were thirty dynasties.States to develop in all directions.Especially actively perfected the art of ancient Egypt.Brief description of its main features.
General
how to express their ideas art of ancient Egypt?In short, its purpose was to serve the needs of the then religion.First of all, it refers to the public and the funeral cult of the pharaoh.His image was deified.This is confirmed by surviving to date figures of ancient Egypt.In general ideas were expressed in strict canonical form.However, the art has experienced the evolution that reflected changes in both the spiritual and political life of the state.
main results of
In ancient Egypt was formed a lot of classic architectural styles and forms.These include, in particular, may include items such as a column, obelisk, pyramid.There are new kinds of art.It became popular enough relief.Suffice it interesting and monumental painting of ancient Egypt.It was formed local art institutions.
At this time showed a lot of creative individuals.Ancient artists have tried to comprehend and implement basic tools in the plastic arts.In particular, the architecture appeared support and overlap, weight and volume.
Wall Paintings of Ancient Egypt included the silhouette, line, plane, color spots.In the images I felt a certain rhythm.The sculptures were used texture of wood and stone.Another important factor is that over time formed canonized form, in accordance with which depicts a human figure on the plane.It was shown in profile (legs, arms and face) and FAS (shoulders and eyes) simultaneously.
main principles
basic canons of the art of ancient Egypt began to take shape in the period 3000-2800 BC.e.The architecture of that time acquired a leading role.It has been quite closely connected with the world beyond the grave.The architecture was dominated by the principles of static and monumentality.They embody the idea of the superhuman greatness of the Egyptian pharaohs and the inviolability of the social order.These canons had a great influence on other spheres of culture.In particular, painting and sculpture of ancient Egypt differed static and symmetry, geometric generalization of strict frontal.
next stage of development
2800 by 2250 BC.e.formed earlier artistic techniques began to take stylistic perfection.It has developed a new architectural form of the tomb of the Pharaoh.We used the geometric simplicity of the pyramid.Its shape combined with the huge size of the architectural image created by a superhuman alienated majesty.The ceremonial order and hierarchy of Egyptian society is reflected in the strict ranks mastabaobraznyh tombs, memorial temples connected to the input pavilions covered a long corridor in the majestic figure of the Sphinx.The figures in the tombs of ancient Egypt illustrate prosperous life in the kingdom of the dead.The paintings have a sense of rhythm, sharp observation, characteristic of artists, beauty, silhouette, contour line and color spots.
bright flowering period
It falls on the era of the New Kingdom.Thanks to a successful campaign in Asia life nobility acquired the exclusive luxury.And if during the period of the Middle Kingdom was dominated by dramatic images, that are now used exquisitely aristocratic form.Architectural trends of the past era also been developed.So, the temple at Deir el-Bahri (Hatshepsut) is a complex, deployed in space.It is partly carved into the rocks.Protodoricheskie columns and cornices with their clean lines and intelligent ordering contrast with the chaotic cleft in the rocks.Painting and sculpture of ancient Egypt are becoming more graceful.This is evident in the softly modeled statues, reliefs, paintings.Stone processing became thinner.Particularly popular was the depth relief with the game of light and shade.Pictures of Ancient Egypt purchased the freedom of camera angles and movements, elegance colorful combinations.The image is present landscape.In terrestrial temples as the major elements used outdoor courtyard surrounded by a colonnade, with hypostylus papirusovidnymi lotosovidnymi or columns.
Figures of Ancient Egypt
images reflect the diversity of the talents of the people.At all times of the kingdom were common figures of the gods of ancient Egypt.Religious themes present in all areas of culture.The figures of the gods of ancient Egypt were decorated sarcophagi, tombs, temples.Residents of the Kingdom believed that earthly existence is only a stage of death, followed by eternal life.Pictures of Ancient Egypt were to glorify the deceased.The images present motives move the deceased to the realm of the dead (the court of Osiris).They illustrate the life of man and the earth.So he could, and in the realm of the dead to do the same as on the ground.
Statues
sculptural portrait of different specific development.In accordance with the representation of the people of that era, the statues were twins died.Sculptures were repositories for the souls of the dead.The statues were quite clearly divided into types.For example, he depicted a walking man, put his leg forward or sitting with crossed limbs.Portrait statue solemnly static, different accuracy and clarity of transmission the most significant characteristics, and social status portrayed.This was carefully designed jewelry, folds in clothing, hats and wigs.
Features technical performance
For nearly four centuries, Egyptian painting was subject to strict rules.They cause not only the imperfection of technology, but also the requirements of the custom.Artists made mistakes in the future.In connection with this ancient images are more like map of the area.Thus figures in the background have been greatly increased.
for application to the surface pattern Egyptians used black, charcoal black charcoal, white limestone, iron ore (yellow or red).They also have been and blue, and green.These were prepared using a copper ore.Paints Egyptians mixed with a viscous liquid, was then divided into pieces.Wetting them with water, they drew.To save the image on top of it was covered with lacquer or resin.Painting Egypt is bright and colorful.However, in the palaces, temples, tombs paintings were not so many.
In conclusion, I should say that, despite the fairly wide variety of colors of the era, the transfer of the shadows, shades and light was highly conditional.In considering it may be noted that the drawings of the ancient Egyptians lacked realism.However, despite some inaccuracies and errors in the images laid deep enough meaning.Their importance asserts the position that occupied people in the arts.
