The dynasty of French kings , ruling from 987 , from the 14th century , in the 19th century .Dynasty of French kings : table

«Long-haired kings" - was the name of the first dynasty of French kings, which took place from the Salian Franks, an independent branch, living in Tosandrii (between the rivers Meuse and Scheldt) from 420 years, a leader who was the founder race Merovingian - Pharamond, in the opinion of many scientists, a mythical character.With V to the middle of the VIII centuries on the territory of modern France and Belgium was ruled by the Merovingians.

Legends of Ancient France

This semi-legendary dynasty of French kings surrounded by mystery, myths and fictions.Themselves Merovingians called "Novomag."They were considered miracle-workers, visionaries and sorcerers, all of which was a powerful force in the long hair.Figure Pharamond, son Markomira as his descendants, including most Meroveya, controversial.The existence of many of them, and that they take their family directly from the Trojan king Priam, or, at worst, by his relative hero of the Trojan War, Aeneas, documented not confirmed.Like the fact that the Merovingians are descended from Jesus Christ.Some call their northern Rusami.V some articles say that the sort of dynasty takes Meroveya because so named.Others argue that the examples generally was 13th in this race.

Historical evidence

first historical figure, many researchers believe only son Meroveya - Childeric.Many, but not all.Most believe the true founder of the kingdom of his son, that is, the grandson Meroveya - Clovis (481-511), who ruled successfully for 30 years and was buried in the church built by them Peter and St. Paul in Paris (now the Church of St. Genevieve).This dynasty of French kings was glorified Holdvigom I. And not only because France when it adopted Catholicism, and his baptism was the birth of a new Roman Empire.During his Frankish (translated as "free"), the state has increased significantly in size, it has been compared to "high civilization" Byzantium.It flourished.Literacy was five times higher than 500 years.

Strengths and weaknesses of the representatives of the glorious dynasty

kind of Merovingian kings were usually people of outstanding and highly educated.Wise and sometimes harsh rulers, such as Dagobert II (676-679), who ruled not long, but safely.He concentrated all power in the hands of the monarch, which made a strong state, but did not like the aristocratic circles and the church.This king was martyred.According to one version, he was killed in his sleep his godson, his eyes protknuvshim spear.The church that condoned regicide, canonized him in 872.After that, you can say the last true representative of the Merovingian, there comes the reign of mayor of the palace.Childeric III (743-751), the last of the Merovingian house, practical power already possessed.He was enthroned mayor of the palace Pepin the Short and Karlomanom after the throne was empty for 7 years.Allegedly, he was the son of Chilperic II, but there is no evidence of his affiliation to the old Merovingian at all.Naturally, he was a toy in the hands of officials.

Carolingians and their best representative

Carolingians - dynasty of French kings, change of rulers of the genus Meroveya.The first ruler was Pepin III Short (751-768), who was mayor of the palace before the coronation, that is the highest dignitary in the court of the Merovingian.He is known by the fact that the father of Charlemagne.Pepin, force and wrong seized power, imprisoned last of the glorious dynasty Meroveya - Childeric III.

most outstanding personality not only in the Carolingian dynasty, ruling from 751 to 987 a year, but in the whole history of France is Charles I the Great (768-814).His name gave the name of the dynasty.Lucky Warrior, made more than 50 trips, it is enormously expanded the borders of France.In the year 800 in Rome, Charles was proclaimed emperor.His power became unrestricted.By introducing tougher laws, he made the most concentrated power in his hands.For the slightest fault anyone who violated the laws of them were sentenced to death.Carl biannual gathering advice of secular and spiritual nobility.Based on shared decisions, legislated.The emperor and his court for the purpose of personal control was traveling across the country.Of course, this course of affairs, plus the reorganization of the army could not give positive results.France flourished.But the empire crumbled after his death.Not seeing a worthy successor, Karl gave allotments sons warring.In the future, continued fragmentation.

end of the empire created by Charles

dynasty of French kings of the family of the Carolingian rule the country for over two centuries, but it was not among the dynasty no even a little bit reminiscent of Charles I the Great.The last ruler of the rank of Emperor Berengar I died in 924 year.In 962, the German King Otto I founded the Holy Roman Empire.She began to consider itself the successor of the Carolingian Empire.The last king of the dynasty was Louis V Lazy, who was in power for one year - from 986 987 at the year.According to some versions, he was poisoned by his mother.Probably because I was lazy.And although he has appointed heir of his uncle, the clergy and put the power of the throne of Hugh Capet.

third royal house of France

dynasty of French kings, ruling with 987g., Called Robertino later Capet, as you might guess by the name of the first, sat down on the throne legitimately, Hugh Capet (reigned 987-996).'Representatives of the dynasty ended with the death of Charles IV the Fair in 1328, is known more, though, if only because the trilogy Maurice Druon "Cursed King" is incredibly popular in the Soviet Union, devoted years of reign of the last five kings of the House of Capet, and the first two rulersof Valois, a younger branch of the Capetian.Philip IV the Fair and all his descendants were cursed by the Grand Master of the Knights Templar at the time of his execution.

Extensive and strong

representatives of the royal family and the Carolingians were proclaimed kings of France - the two sons of the founder of the dynasty of Robert the Strong, Count of Anjou - Senior Ed 888, and Robert Jr. in 922.But the ruling royal Carolingian were born.Already Hugh Capet founded a legitimate dynasty, which can be said to remain in power until 1848, because the next ruling house of Valois, the Bourbons, Orleanidov were younger branches Capet.The dynasty of French kings from 987 years is famous not only for its branching, but also the fact that, having received from the Carolingian fragmented state in which the power of the king extended only from Paris to Orleans, she has transformed France into a strong monarchical power, stretching from the Atlantic coast to the Mediterranean Sea.This was done by the efforts of its best kings - Louis VI Tolstoy (1108-1137), Philip II Augustus Krivoy (1179-1223), one of the most prominent representatives of this House, St. Louis IX (1226-1270), Philip III the Bold (1270-1285), and, of course, Philip IV the Fair (1285-1314).He completely changed France, turning it into a power, something resembling our modern state.

nickname remaining in centuries

dynasty of French kings, whose name comes from the nickname - is also Capet.The addition to the name of the first monarch of the Great Hugh was first mentioned only in the XI century.According to some researchers, a nickname he received because wearing beanie Abbey (cappa).He was a secular abbot famous monasteries such as Saint-Germain-des-Prés, Saint-Denis, and others.

As noted above, Capet was the senior branch of this vast family, adverse offspring who founded other dynasty of French kings.The table below illustrates the above-said.

Smart, tough, very beautiful

Philip the Fair had a very happy marriage, which had four children.The three boys were successively kings of France - Louis X Grumpy (1314-1316), Philip V Length (1316-1322), Charles IV the Fair (1322-1328).This weak kings were far from their illustrious father.In addition, they had no sons, but John I posthumous son of Louis X Grumpy, who died 5 days after baptism.The daughter of Philip the Fair married King Edward II, which gave the right to their son Edward III Plantagenet kind of challenge the rights to the French throne at the Valois branch, who took it after the death of Charles the Fair.This led to the beginning of the Hundred Years War.

branch

Valois dynasty of French kings, began to reign in the 14th century, called the Valois dynasty (1328-1589), as its ancestor was a cousin of the last monarch of the Valois Philip Capet.The share of this ruling house has dropped a lot of misfortunes - a bloody war, the loss of territories, the plague, the popular uprisings, the largest of which is the Jacquerie (1358).Only in 1453, France, for the umpteenth time in its history, finds its former greatness and restored to its former borders.And Jeanne d, Arc, Maid of Orleans or expelled British "grateful to the French" burned at the stake.St. Bartholomew, too, came in the reign of this dynasty - August 24th, 1572.And this royal house had its worthy representatives such as Francis I. In the years of his reign falls heyday of France during the Renaissance and the strengthening of the absolute power of the monarch.The last king of the house was the youngest and favorite son intriguante Catherine de 'Medici (the first - King Francis II and Charles IX), Henry III.But he was stabbed with a stiletto fanatical Dominican monk Jacques Clément.Henry III made famous by the novels of Alexandre Dumas' Queen Margot "," The Countess de Monsoreau, "" Forty-five. "The children have not been, and Valois dynasty ceased to be the ruling.

Bourbons

There comes a time of French kings of the dynasty Bourbon, the founder of which was in 1589 Henry IV of Navarre (1589-1610).The founder of the younger branch of Capet was the son of St. Louis IX, Robert (1256-1317) wife of Sire de Bourbon.The representatives of this dynasty occupied the throne of France from 1589 to 1792 and from 1814 to 1848, while in Spain, after several restorations, they finally left the scene only in 1931.In France, the revolution in 1792 the dynasty was deposed and executed King Louis XVI in 1793.Restored to the throne they were after the fall of Napoleon I in 1814, but not for long - before the 1848 revolution.The most famous French king of the Bourbon dynasty, of course, Louis XIV or the Sun King.This nickname he got not only because it was in power in '72 (the throne he took the age of five in 1643, died in 1715), but because of the beautiful horse ballets in which he took part in the form of light or a Roman emperor, holdingin the hands of a gold shield, reminiscent of the sun.Much success during his reign the country could not boast.Yes, and bloody revolutions that shook the country in the end of the XVIII and XIX centuries the middle, indicates that the board is not satisfied with the Bourbons the population of France.

French royal houses of the XIX century

The famous dynasty of French kings of the 19th century?However, she was interrupted by revolutions, and restored again interrupted.In the XIX century the French throne from 1804 to 1815 sat the Emperor Napoleon I Bonaparte.After his overthrow took place Bourbon Restoration.In the reign of Louis XVIII (1814-1824), the 67th monarch of France.He was the last French king, which is not overthrown, the last two (Charles X 1824-1830, Louis-Philippe - 1830-1848) was deprived of the throne by force.The nephew of Napoleon I, the first French President Louis Napoleon Bonaparte or Napoleon III was the last reigning persons.The rank of Emperor of France from 1854 to 1870 he was in power until his capture William I. There were also attempts to class the French throne, but to prevent this, in 1885, all of the crown of the French kings were sold, and the country finally declared a republic.In the XIX century occupied the throne of the dynasty of French kings, the table with the dates and sequence of the reign of which is given below.

Merovingian, Carolingian, Capet (including Valois, the Bourbons, Orleanidy) Bonaparte - that the ruling dynasty of the French.