From the earliest times, people have dreamed of overcoming look great distances.This desire they appear in fairy tales and legends.There are many stories about magic mirrors, magic fairy plates and other means of image transmission.But to make this dream a reality succeeded not so long ago - just at the beginning of the 20th century, and when the first TV - it looked like a miracle.Modern TV is already perceived as something self-evident, and nobody thinks about this invention changed the world.
Television: How It Started
Implementation of the first theoretical and practical studies on television began in the late 19th century.In 1880, scientists - an American and a Frenchman E. Sawyer Maurice Leblanc, offered the basic principle of operation of television, but the final version is the German engineer named Paul Nipkow, who later patented the technology.Its main principles are as follows:
each pixel scanned quickly and consistently, line by line and frame by frame transmitted.The device, called the disk Nipkow, looked like a rotating disk with a diameter of 50 cm, which have been put holes.Scan the image carried by the light beam, and the subsequent signal transmission performed at the transmitter.The first television was also equipped with a rotating disk with holes, which are located behind the neon lamp, but the process of obtaining images in reverse order.With this simple system image was projected on the screen.It was the first TV in the world, based on the construction of which lay the mechanics, so the transfer was not possible picture quality.In this connection, the mechanical television sets lasted a relatively short time.
When the first television cathode ray based
In 1888, thanks to the German physicist Heinrich Hertz, the world learned of the photoelectric effect.Scientists have identified that the light affects the electricity, but failed to fully explain and disclose the nature of the phenomenon.And only in 1905 it managed to Albert Einstein.In 1879, English scientist William Crookes created cathode-ray tube and opened the matter - the phosphors glow when they are exposed to the cathode rays.Thus began the era of cathode ray television sets that will eventually spread around the world.In 1936, when the first television on the electronics, the American research laboratory headed by Russian scientist RCA Zworykin, so it is considered the founder of modern television.In 1939, RCA demonstrated the first television apparatus for mass production, called RCS TT-5.When the first television, he was a large and heavy wooden box equipped only 5-inch screen.Some time malostrochnye (mechanical) TeleSystems coexisted with electronic, but by the end of the forties of the 20th century they completely replaced the electronic devices.
