Tuva Republic is an autonomous entity of the Russian Federation.Included in the Siberian region.The heart is the city of Kyzyl.Today Tuva is 2 regional and 17 municipal districts.In total in the country, more than 120 settlements and 5 cities.
Formation Autonomy
History of the Republic of Tyva has its roots in the first millennium BC.e.In those ancient times in the region lived Indo-European nomads.Soon to be replaced by the tribes of the Turks.The first state system originated closer to the III century BC.e.Its creators believe the people Dongling.They built the first community in South Siberia.
Since 1914 District called Tuva.He was a member of the Yenisei province under the protection of Russia.At that time the capital of the republic was a settlement Belotsarsk.Later, it was renamed to the city of Kyzyl.Over time, it appeared Tuva own national symbols and anthem, the budget, the government of the USSR.
In 1993, according to the constitution, the country was renamed the Tuva.Since then, the district has received full autonomy.Now, local and regional authorities have the right to address issues of peace and war, to establish its own judicial system, to conduct public prosecutor's supervision.In turn, the capital of the Republic of Tuva has become the economic center of the regiona.V 2006, several regional deputies sent a letter to the President of Russia with a request to suspend the activities of the head of the republic.The response to such a request was to exclude politicians from all party associations.These measures were aimed at stabilizing the situation in the Republic of Tyva.In 2010, the local citizenship was revoked.
«Red» the capital
Center for Autonomous Okrug is a modern and beautiful city of Kyzyl.Republic of Tuva is remarkable in many aspects, but the main is its capital.The word "Kyzyl" in Turkic means "red."This city is rightfully considered the main attraction of the country.
It is situated between the mouths of the Yenisei River basin in Tuva.However, for millions of tourists capital notable for another reason.Experts have calculated that the geographical center of Asia is just the city of Kyzyl.
Republic of Tuva is located in the time zone UTC +7: 00.Concerning Moscow time shifted 4 hours ahead.The climate is dry in the capital, practically no wind.The whole reason for location of Kyzyl - depression.Winters are snowy, but severe (up to -52 degrees).Spring as such, no.Meteorological summer begins in May.June-July - the time of hurricanes and severe dust storms.Abundant rains come only by August.The first frosts occur in the capital of the Republic of Tyva sentyabre.Segodnyashnyaya consists of many neighborhoods.They are divided on economic and geographic characteristics.These are the neighborhoods as "Central", "South", "Right Bank", "mountain", "Satellite", "builder" and others.It is also the capital of the Republic of Tuva is remarkable in it has its own combined heat and power.
Geographic Region
territory of the autonomous region covers an area of almost 170 thousand square meters.km.Located in the south-eastern region of Siberia.It has common borders with Mongolia, Buryatia, Krasnoyarsk Territory, the Irkutsk Region, the Republic of Altai and Khakassia.
largest lake was called the Uvs Nuur.Located in the South Basin of Mongolia.
Almost the entire region is represented by mountainous terrain.The capital of the Republic of Tuva is located at the lowest point of the platform.According to the Russian theologians, more than 80% of the territory of the Autonomous Okrug is a mountain, and only 20% - the plains and steppes.Eastern and northern borders of the republic close ranges up to 3 km in height.Most of the terrain occupied by the Sayan mountains and plateaus Derby-Taiga.On the territory of Tuva is located just 16 extinct volcanoes.The highest point in the region is considered Mongun-Taiga mountain - 3976 meters.It refers to the system of the Altai ranges.
Natural features
In Tuva there are dozens of natural monuments, sanctuaries and nature reserves.Uvs Nuur Basin has long been listed as a natural and cultural heritage by UNESCO.It is noteworthy that it is the largest freshwater pool Asia.The total area of water area extends over 1.07 million. Ha.Pool and at the same time protected by the Russian Federation and the government of Mongolia, and representatives of UNESCO.
flora and fauna of the region is extremely rich in rare species.The reason for that perfect taiga landscapes.On the slopes of the mountains inhabited by snow leopards, Sayan squirrels, wolverines, weasels, lynx, wild goats.In the lower reaches often seen sables, bears, deer, wolves.
is worth noting that in the steppe lands permitted the hunting of any animal other than leopards.
climate and geology of Tuva
summer in temperate regions.In the highlands the weather is warm, in the basins - sultry and dry.In winter, the temperature often reaches 40 degrees.Snow falls little snow drifts do not happen because of the lack vetra.Letom temperature varies from +25 to +35 degrees.At the end of the season there is a sharp change in weather conditions.Often strong winds combined into a single cyclical impulse, forming a powerful hurricanes.The most optimal time of year for the rest of May and is considered the beginning of September.
ground in some places in the region does not have time to move away from the permafrost.Dominated by mountain taiga and brown soil.Basin and the mountains are covered with steppe vegetation.
Tuva Republic declared a seismic area.Strong earthquakes occur here almost every year.In 2011, 100 kilometers from Kyzyl powerful aftershocks have been recorded at 9.5 points.Because of the disaster, thousands of villages and towns are without electricity.The number of victims was estimated in the hundreds.The last major earthquake was observed in the country in February 2012.
Cultural Heritage
Indigenous Tuva still revere the traditions of ancient nomads.The reason for this is, and the relative detachment of the region from the rest of the subjects of the Russian Federation.The fact is that in Tuva is no established system of the railway industry.In addition, the Republic is surrounded by mountains and bodies of water.That is why in some areas have survived the whole nomadic economy.The rest of the local people are engaged in cultivation and livestock ohotoy.Religiya indigenous Tuvan called Lamaism.This combination of the spiritual component of Buddhism with elements of shamanism.In 1992, Kyzyl with a long visit to the Dalai Lama XIV.It is worth noting that the Ministry of Education of the Republic of Tuva is closely monitoring the cultural development of its younger generation.At all levels of training young Tuva acquainted with the traditions of their ancestors, to later continue their business.
main dwelling villagers remain yurt.There is also clearly expressed a commitment only to the national cuisine.Because of cultural heritages should be noted throat singing, articles agalmatolita, horse racing, fighting style khuresh and more than the rich in the Republic of Tyva.
population District
The first census was conducted in 1959.At that time, the population was about 172 thousand people.Of these, 57% were Tuva, 40% - Russian, other nations - less than 3%.
is the most populous city of Kyzyl - about 114 thousand inhabitants.General demographic population of the republic as of 2015 is 314 thousand. Man.This city has a population of nearly 54%.Today is a multinational region of Tuva.Here live and Tuva, and Russian and Ukrainian, and Khakassia, Armenians, Tatars and Kirghiz, Buryats, and other nations.
republic's economy
major industries in the region is considered to be mining rocks: non-ferrous metals, coal, asbestos, and other minerals.It is on this sphere of activity of the Republic of Tyva government directs all efforts to attract investors.Also one of the most important sectors of the regional economy are forestry and food industries.
Agricultural lands make up about one and a half thousand hectares.Agriculture is not very developed, but thriving cattle.
Another important industry is tourism.Tuva attracts visitors slice several historical heritage.One of them is the "Main Temple", located in the valley Hemchik.
Authorities
Government of the Republic of Tyva combines and legislative and executive activities.Its chairman since 2007, is Sholban Kara-ool (see. On the left).The Government consists of dozens of government: the Ministry of Education of the Republic of Tuva, the Ministry of economic development, culture, social policy, finance, economy, health, service providers, state committees and agencies.Industry unit applies to specific programs, legislation, policy documents.
separate authority is the Court of Arbitration of the Republic of Tyva.Since 2012, its chairman is Vladimir Aji.The Arbitration Court of the Republic of Tuva includes two compounds: under the decision of the administrative and civil offenses.The unit employs 35 civil servants.
