task of every modern woman of any age, carefully monitor their health, and for gynecological, of course.For this once a year is required to pass the full dispanzerizatsiyu, take all of the recommended tests, including to carry out such a study as oncocitology.What is it and why it is so important result of this analysis?This will be discussed in this article.
oncocytology-what is it?
Cervical cancer is one of the most common gynecological diseases, which are struggling doctors and scientists worldwide.Sampling on onkotsitologiyu can detect precancerous cells, and as early as possible to begin the appropriate treatment, which is why this analysis is very important.
Onkotsitologichesskoe research suggests taking a swab from the vagina and cervix, as well as the inspection and analysis of the double layer of the epithelium covering the cervix.
first layer of the epithelium, cylindrical single layer, covers the cervix by the cervical canal.The second layer, and flat layered covers vagina.
Investigation of the structure of the layers of the epithelium under the microscope allows you to see how healthy cells, and to determine if any of them mutated, ie cancer.
Assay onkotsitologiyu cervical detects not only the presence of abnormal cells, but also shows the presence of any inflammatory process or any other changes in the epithelium.Many diseases are detected at an early stage can be cured.
Indications for taking analysis onkotsitologiyu
smears on onkotsitologiyu shown to all women, since 18 years.
According to statistics, even women who do not have bad habits, exercise and leading a healthy lifestyle, however, prone to cancer.
therefore be tested for cervical onkotsitologiyu required by all the fair sex, the age of majority.This should be done both in the appearance of suspicion, as well as for prevention.
Upon detection of cervical pathology, the analysis should take no less than 2 times a year.As a preventive measure only one study of 12 months.
Human papillomavirus is a mandatory indication for onkotsitologicheskogo study, since this virus often causes the formation of cancerous processes.
Besides the basic reading, cervical smear onkotsitologiyu appointed women with menstrual irregularities, infertility, with complaints of abdominal pain, prolonged hormonal treatment.At risk are also women whose close relatives suffered from cancer.
oncocytology for older women
There is a misconception that in women after menopause problems with sexual sphere disappear.This misconception leads to the fact that the doctors discover a deep running cancers, cure sometimes impossible.So do not be amiss to remind mothers and grandmothers that analysis is required to pass onkotsitologiyu year, despite the advanced age and health status.
oncocytology for pregnant
aware of the need of such an analysis as oncocitology, what is it and what does it do, every woman should still at the planning stage of pregnancy.
most correct will hand over a single analysis before the alleged pregnancy, especially in women who have reached the age of thirty and older.In fact, during all pregnancy diseases tend to increase dramatically, which can result in loss of the fetus and various complications.
during pregnancy doctor prescribes onkotsitologicheskoe study three times.However, in the case of threatened abortion doctor can cancel the procedure, since the capture of this type of analysis requires some intervention that can damage gestation.In each case, the doctor makes the decision individually.
As the sample is taken at onkotsitologiyu?
Fence analysis is conducted in the treatment room in the gynecological chair obstetrician-gynecologist.
collected cells made by otschipyvaniya small amount from the surface epithelium of the cervix.For this midwife uses a set of sterile instruments, consisting of a special brush and spatula.
procedure does not require the administration of pain medications, as completely painless.However, many patients are afraid of a deformation surface epithelium and pain, but it is fundamentally wrong.
vaginal area is not damaged in any way, the structure of the epithelium remains intact, as the analysis of the fence remains no trace.Analysis is absolutely not traumatic and does not cause a woman to experience pain or discomfort.
After taking the analysis for one or two days can be observed spotting that go away without treatment.
analysis is collected on a sterile piece of glass, the glass can be up to 3 pieces.They are then processed fixing solution are added and color solutions.
Laboratory physician pathologist examines the cells under a microscope and gives its opinion.According to the results of the cytologic conclusion attending doctor prescribes the appropriate treatment.
Preparing for the
From the results of any analysis of the health and life of the patient, is no exception and smear on onkotsitologiyu.Results of the analysis will depend on, including how well the woman prepare for the procedure.
Immediately worth mention that it is impossible to be tested during the menstrual cycle, as well as the presence of any other bleeding.Immediately prior to the onset of menstruation or immediately after its completion, the best time, when it is recommended to hand over a smear on onkotsitologiyu.Inflammation of the external genitals will also be a contraindication.
In order to get the most reliable results, two days before the examination is recommended to exclude sexual intercourse, douching deleted, do not use a tampon, any creams, ointments and vaginal suppositories.
Before you hand over a smear on onkotsitologiyu, the results of which will largely depend on how well prepared the woman in the next 48 hours is not recommended to visit the gynecologist and perform any manipulations on a gynecological chair.All visits to the doctor have to move on any time after the date of analysis.
bathing is not recommended for two days prior to the study, it is better to do a shower.
Types oncocytology
onktsitologiyu type analysis can be of two forms:
- simple oncocytology;
- liquid oncocitology.
In conducting liquid oncocytology taken material is not smeared on the glass, as in the simple oncocytology and a special brush is lowered into a bottle with a special environment.Analysis preserved in liquid, turning into an even layer of washed cells.
This method of analysis is taking an innovative, it is not used in all clinics.Liquid oncocitology allows the doctor-cytologist get the most reliable results.
Transcription analysis
Once in the treatment room the woman was held oncocitology, transcript analysis is done in the laboratory specialist, cytology, usually it takes about two weeks.
There are five classes the state of the cervix:
- The first class is the norm.So in a smear is not detected any abnormal cells.All cells of normal size and shape.
- second class - noted the presence of inflammation, such as vaginitis.
- third class - in a smear abnormal cells are present in a small amount.Required to re-examine mandatory.
- Fourth grade - in a smear are malignant cells.
- Fifth grade - all the cells in a smear atypical.The probability of cancer is high.
However, it should know that the analysis on onkotsitologiyu not an accurate indicator of cancer, it only points to the changes that occur in cells for later more thorough study.
definitive diagnosis is a doctor after a number of tests and investigation, as well as observations of symptoms.
cytology also contains the following data:
- smear of cervical canal - the state is estimated by the squamous epithelium of the vagina and from the cervical canal.
- smear of vaginal part - studied cells stratified squamous epithelium covering the vaginal portion of the cervix.
For reliable results requires an adequate amount of material.Otherwise, the doctor in prison indicates inadequate (insufficient for the study) the amount of the drug.
oncocytology during inflammation
As a preventive measure or suspected gynecological disease doctor prescribes oncocitology.Inflammation, if any, may prevent identification of cancer cells.
In this case, you want to pass on a simple smear miklofloru to clarify the source of infection and tested for diseases, sexually transmitted diseases.
After treatment onkotsitologiyu analysis should be repeated.It will show whether the treatment given help and reliably detect the presence of cancer cells in the smear.
negative results
If analysis shows onkotsitologiyu cancer cells, in particular, need not panic.Abnormal often does not mean that women develop malignant tumors and that the situation can not be corrected.
Studies show that poor smear on onkotsitologiyu happens quite often, and cervical cancer is much less common.
qualified doctor will explain what kind of deviations have been identified, and prescribe additional tests such as colposcopy or a biopsy.
In any case, remember that an abnormal smear on onkotsitologiyu is not always evidence of cancer in women.
Every modern woman should be informed about the importance of such an analysis as oncocitology what it is and why the analysis of so-so necessary for early detection of cancer.
