Today, more than ever, it is urgent and vital issue of environmental protection.As the heroine said one well-known comedy, "a person must be protected from the man."Nature, too, needs to be protected from human activities.A special place in the series of natural resources is water.
Water objects under special protection
Water is the basis of human life, nourishing the earth, plants, fruits and seeds;is unthinkable without it no life on Earth.That is why water resources and facilities are under state protection, and for them established a special regulatory control.
Protection subject to all the sources and water supply facilities, water supply.The protected zone is provided as one of the guarantees of the net surface and groundwater.The purpose of state protection in this area is not only the prevention of pollution of water sources, but also the preservation of the purity, the natural chemical composition of water, safety of public and industrial water use.
Special legislation
law provides for the protection of water resources at all levels, starting with the Water Code, the profile law on drinking water, and ending subordinate legal acts: Instructions for use of water and sewerage systems in the settlements, government regulations Urban Development 1992other acts of executive power.
Special legal act in this area are the sanitary rules and regulations "Zones of sanitary protection of water sources and the potable water pipes. SanPin 2.1.4.1110-02", approved by the Chief State Sanitary Doctor of the Russian Federation of February 26, 2002
Protection of water bodies is closely connected with land relations, since water resources are inseparable from the soil and different soil depth.Water, buffer zone which runs along the plot of land, it is its integral part: such a relationship with the land is the basis for the qualification of unlawful acts in this area and destination accountability measures.
Basic Law also provides for the citizen's right to a safe environment, which should be guaranteed by the state.
What are security zones water supply and sewerage
Each building should be designed in advance.When sketching any facilities - pipelines, treatment plants, buildings, homes and other buildings - must provide security zone running water.How many meters it is, it depends on the quality of soil.The security zone is a standard set distance from the nearest water body structure and is designed to provide sanitary-epidemiological reliability of water supply systems.
project of sanitary protection zones agreed with the Sanitary inspection and includes:
- delineation of zones of sanitary zones;
- list of engineering activities for landscaping;
- description of a special regime in each band.
in the protected zones is prohibited storage of materials, equipment installation, construction of any facilities, including temporary: any such action may not only contaminate the water bodies, but also to create additional load on the lines.Such unauthorized constructions hamper free access by the operating organizations are obliged to eliminate the accident at the nets and repair plumbing.
protected zone intended to limit any economic activity, including construction: accommodation facilities in violation of sanitary zones is prohibited.
established buffer zone running water SNIP - sanitary norms and rules.
belts of sanitary protection
whole buffer zone of the object is divided into several bands:
- first strip of strict regime - a circle, including withdrawal and site water facilities.You can not dump waste water, swimming, grazing, fishing, equip marinas, post building to apply any fertilizer, to lay pipelines to extract minerals.
- second and third zone restrictions and surveillance - area set aside for the protection of water bodies and water sources.In the second zone are not allowed fuel storage, fertilizers and other dangerous objects that pose a threat of chemical pollution of water;You can not plow the land, drain swamps, polluting waste sites.
- The third zone is also prohibited to store solid waste, develop mineral resources, divert waste water does not meet sanitary norms and rules.
What is the width of the buffer zone running water?
If water runs through undeveloped areas, the width of the guard band depends on the quality of soil and pipe diameter:
- in dry soils - 10 m with a diameter of 1000 mm and 20 m for large pipe sizes;
- in wet soils - not less than 50 m.
Water, buffer zone which runs in the sectors of construction, can carry additional environmental and industrial load.Protection zone running water in built-up areas may be reduced in agreement with the SEC.
legislated mandatory minimum, which can not be reduced under any circumstances:
- from the foundation of buildings and structures - not less than 5 m;
- foundations of fences, bridges, towers - not less than 3 m;
- curbs on the street - not less than 2 m;
- from overhead electricity transmission lines - from 1 to 3 m, depending on the power network.
Therefore, buffer zones of plumbing and sanitary vary in width depending on external factors.
Responsibility for violation of security zones
for placement of buildings, objects and materials in the areas of protection of water pipes there are different sanctions:
- material - in the form of compensation for damage caused to unauthorized construction, storage of materials, objects, debris closer than5 m to the axis of the aqueduct;
- administrative - in the form of fines for violation of building codes and regulations during construction, including construction of facilities without an approved project or in violation of the protected zones;
- criminal - imprisonment for squatting on land, located in the zones of sanitary protection.
Protection zones - guarantee the protection of water from pollution.Compliance is mandatory for all participants in social and economic relations, not only public but also private.
