food shortage in the world recognized as a global problem today.In 2009, according to specialists, the number of people living in conditions of chronic malnutrition has more than 1 billion people.
food problem is caused by different factors.On the one hand, it is the socio-economic reasons related to the method of production and distribution of resources, on the other - a global associated with population growth, changes in diet, climate events and the finiteness of natural resources.
Advances in science create real preconditions to eliminate the threat of food shortages.The first way - the improvement of soil fertility;use of marine resources and energy efficiency.The second way - the introduction of scientific achievements for the directional change of crops and breeds of animals breeding perspective.
canola plant (marketing name of one of the varieties of oilseed rape) - a vivid example of obtaining a given result using the methods of breeding and genetic engineering.
predecessor
botanical name of the rape - Brassica napus olifera Metzg.This herb.Rod - Cabbage.Family - Cruciferae.In the wild it does not occur.It is believed that the rape occurred from crosses of spring or winter colza with collard greens.
Rape cultivated 6,000 years.Cold-resistant, moisture-demanding plant which feels good in temperate climates.It spreads like spring and winter crops.Crops grown after the rape, give a higher yield.The plant improves soil structure, increases its fertility, enriching nitrogen.
use of rape
rapeseed cultivation - commercially profitable crop area.Culture is widely used.The first rape is used as oilseeds, the value of which has increased significantly by the end of the 20th century, as it was used for the production of biodiesel.
Flowers plants contain lots of nectar.It is regarded as a good honey plant.The productivity of 1 ha of crops - up to 90 kg of honey.In addition, the culture is used as a green manure.
Rapeseed oil: the benefits and harms
product is obtained from the seeds of pressing in a screw press.Pre-warms raw materials.The product is used in the manufacture of soaps, varnishes, textile and leather industry.Rapeseed oil - the raw material for biodiesel.Because it produces lubricants and hydraulic fluids.
contain the spread of rape was a factor inherent in the seeds of cruciferous content of erucic acid and glucosinolates.At a high content of these substances it is not used in food and animal feed.
erucic acid - one of the fatty acids.It is not metabolized in mammals accumulate in different tissues.Studies have shown: erucic acid is a danger to human health.It causes serious violations of the heart, affects the blood vessels.Secure content of the substance in oil - 0.3 to 0.6%.
harmful to human health and other organic compounds - glikozinolaty, thioglycosides and their derivatives.They affect different organs of man, give the oil a bitter taste.Manufacturers
directed all its efforts on developing new varieties of canola.It was necessary to reduce the content of erucic acid and glucosinolates to a safe minimum, and to get rid of a pronounced taste.
plant canola
In 1974 breeder B. Stefansson in Canada brought the variety of rapeseed low in erucic acid and glikozinolatov.A new variety of canola called "canola» (canola - Canadian oil low acid).It was a good marketing move.The name stuck, become popular.
So what is a canola?A plant characterized by the traditional rapeseed low harmful to mammals, including humans, the compounds - erucic acid and glucosinolate.This fact demanded a clear separation of two different products from these similar species.First - oil for technical purposes, produced from rapeseed, the second - a valuable food raw materials, which is made from canola.That is the essence.
What is Canola?Externally, it is no different from rape.The plant - sprouting to a depth of 2 meters taproot.Stem - straight, covered with a light bluish bloom.Stem leaves are different from the basal, which are assembled into a power outlet.Flowers collected in the brush, they are yellow or white.That is apparently rape - the same meal.Photo clearly demonstrates this fact.
canola pods are up to 10 cm and a width of up to 0.3 cm. One pod contains 15-30 dark brown spherical seeds, they ripen unevenly on plant height, so after collecting them for some time is left to ripen.
canola cultivation has some peculiarities.She used to germinate and grow faster than the conventional oilseed rape.Canola plant stronger and more resistant to external influences.Yields his average is 20% higher.
Nowadays crops are grown on an area of more than 4 million hectares.In Europe - in countries such as France, Great Britain, Denmark, Czech Republic and Finland.The main producers in the world - China, India, Canada, Japan.In these countries, blooming canola field - part of the traditional rural landscape.
Later, as they gain experience growing canola, there is a need to obtain culture more tolerant to herbicides.These varieties were bred by genetic modification in 1995.
Canola Oil
nutritional value of food provided to him in high demand in the global food market.Canola oil quality close to olive with lower by comparison value.
Canola oil remains clear for a long time.It is not and does not acquire rancid odor when exposed to air, as it happens, for example, soybean.
canola oil - a healthy product.Due to the high content of unsaturated fatty acids, it helps to strengthen the blood vessels, reducing the risk of such terrible diseases as stroke and myocardial infarction.Thus preserved heart health.The oil has the lowest saturated fat and contains no trans fat.With regular use of the product is provided by a pronounced antioxidant effect.He is involved in the regulation of fat metabolism.Due to its composition the product is recommended to use to lower cholesterol in the blood.This reduces the risk of blood clots and the emergence of a number of diseases, including cancer.
use canola oil
In cooking, it is used mainly in the preparation of cold dishes.Light texture and neutral flavor canola oil does not prevent manifest itself other products.It is a part of various marinades from it prepare mayonnaise and other sauces.Sometimes it is used in a mixture with an olive.
most widely used product in Israel and Canada.At home meal it can be found everywhere.Cafes and restaurants in its menu offers a variety of dishes using this product.Consumers are aware of the dietary quality of the product, always with a choice prefer canola oil.The recipe for the perfect low-calorie salad can not do without this product.Suitable for frying and it is, as its point of fuming higher than olive.
In the US, canola oil has the status safe for human health when consumed in 1985.However, in terms of consumption of the product the country lags behind its neighbor - Canada.
use canola in animal
In many countries, the plant is grown as a forage crop.Her mow the green mass, silage harvest and grass meal.Canola grows rapidly.Very efficient use of culture as pasture for pigs and sheep, as well as fattening of species of animals and birds.The plant canola - a storehouse of feed protein content in Grist reaches 38%.It is easy to digest.Used as a high-protein supplement.
rapeseed and canola.What's the Difference?
Faced with an unfamiliar product, the consumer tends to find out for yourself its benefits and harms.The same happens with the product under the name "canola oil".After all, the name of a plant familiar to us will not name.So what is canola?The plant looks no different from rape.The main feature of which is harmonious and appeared name - in the properties of the oil derived from these two cultures.
rapeseed oil - a product for technical use.A valuable raw material for the production of environmentally friendly biodiesel and lubricants.The more erucic acid - as in traditional varieties of rapeseed its content up to 50% - the higher the quality of biodiesel.
canola oil - a valuable food product, which is sold under that name around the world.It is not dangerous to human health.Products of canola are widely used in animal husbandry.
The former Soviet Union related to the new culture is ambiguous.From complete denial to timid attempts positioning canola oil as a dietary product.Time will tell who is right.
You can have different attitudes to the products derived from genetically modified plants, which include canola oil.The final choice - for the consumer.To do this, it is important to have accurate and complete information.
