Act providing for counteraction to extremism, was developed at a time when President Yeltsin was.When he came to power VVPutin, he was boosted by the Administration of the President.It was adopted in 2002 by the State Duma.Approved by the Federation Council and signed by the president, then it is published in "Rossiyskaya Gazeta".After it was adopted, there is another bill which defined the changes to the legislative acts in connection with its adoption.So there was an article 282.Even then, in the conclusion of a number of authoritative experts conclusion that the law contradicts the Constitution of certain items and a number of international acts.But this did not prevent its existence, and for ten years he has added a number of amendments.
Article 282 defines the punishment for such actions as an affront to human dignity, which is done on a number of grounds - race, language, religion, nationality, sex or origin, as well as membership of a particular social group.It stated that such actions can be done using the media (which can be considered as an aggravating circumstance).According to this article, the penalty can be a fine (from 100 ths. To 300 ths. Rubles), deprivation of the right to engage in certain activities or hold any position (maximum of three years) or optional (or corrective) works.It is possible, and imprisonment for up to two years.
Aggravating circumstances may include the following: the use (or threat of) violence;the use of his position or office;action by an organized group.In such cases, the penalty is increased - increases the amount of the fine or the period during which prohibited from holding any office or increasing the sentence (five years), and so on. Article 282 provides for liability for the above steps for any citizen.The only condition - the attainment of 16 years of age.
Article 282 defines penalties for the organization of extremist community and the activities of such communities.
It should be noted that by "two hundred and eighty Two" is very ambiguous attitude.It should be noted that the wording of Article 282 does not even hint what actions can be classified as a crime.Therefore, it can actually be interpreted as anything.On the one hand, its wording, but, rather, the lack of a clear, allowing almost neutralize the meaning of this article.On the other hand, it can be interpreted so broadly that virtually harmless action is easy to christen the "extremism", "xenophobia" and so forth.
Unfortunately, the practice of justice of Russia shows that the legal meaning of this article negate when a criminal actdirected against the Russian-speaking population, but are punished for it mainly Russian-speaking (including members of Russian nationalist organizations).That is for the same crime originating from the Caucasus or Central Asia acquitted, but the indigenous residents of the Russian Federation will condemn to the fullest extent (except in very rare) - a kind of "positive discrimination".Therefore, the people it has long been called the "Russian section".
Further, the key evidence in the charges in this case - is an expert opinion, but, unfortunately, because of the blurring of "Two Hundred and eighty-second" precision expertise and its regulatory compliance is not conclusive, in addition, sometimes inas experts appear incompetent.Under extremism often understand not just any action, but also a statement of certain thoughts, ideas, and even individual words.Incidentally, active Internet users should not forget that there is Article 282, and to be attentive to their statements in the comments or create articles.It has already been cases where bloggers were tried for incitement to hatred based on ethnicity.
