differences between the countries in the geographical position, climate and natural conditions, raw material resources led to the emergence of such concepts as "international division of labor."It refers to the specialization of each individual mills in the production of any kinds of products.The entire economy of the world to a single enterprise, or even an employee, based on a division of labor.
No country today can not exist in isolation.Every day is an exchange of goods, technologies, services, information, etc.Thanks to this rapidly developing world economy.
international division of labor can be the following types:
1. Sectoral specialization of individual countries.
2. Subject (products).
3. Technological specialization (individual parts, components).
international division of labor presupposes not only the gap, but the union and production processes.In other words, to increase the efficiency of the process and obtain greater profits in some cases it is necessary separation or specialization of labor activity.Often, however, it requires joint efforts and mutual assistance on a global scale.Accordingly, the distinguished international division of labor.And its shape can be of two types: cooperation and specialization.
international production cooperation involves pooling companies from different countries to improve, speed up the labor process for the production of any product.Signs of cooperation:
1. Long-term.
2. Complexity.The manufacturing process involves sales activities, scientific, research.
3. The joint solution of all issues, starting with projects and ending with the markets.
International specialization involves the production of a particular type of product only in one or more countries (to meet both its own and the world's needs).
important to note that international specialization and cooperation significantly reduce capital intensity and reduce the time of production of goods.
A number of factors affect the international division of labor and the result is that the participating countries will receive:
1. Scientific and technological progress.The biggest influence on the world market provide new technologies to older industries.Especially it concerns the production of information.
2. The system of payments between countries.
3. Demand for products in the world market.
4. The national factor.In the international division of labor associated with their socio-economic and geographical characteristics of different countries.
5. Environmental issues.They make different evaluate natural resources and goods produced with their help.
Among others, you can select the most significant socio-economic characteristics of international division of labor:
- structure and organization of national production;
- economic and technical development;
- historical traditions of the country and its external economic relations;
- economic situation of the country;
- legislation.
International geographical division of labor based on the presence of any minerals manpower in different countries.As a result, some states are beginning to produce certain types of products and exchange them, there are economic relations at the international level.
International geographical division of labor can only occur when a country begins to produce a specific type of product in an amount much greater than her own needs.In addition, these products must be sufficiently cheap to other countries was advantageous to buy it.
