one of the fastest growing countries in the world today is considered India.Industry and agriculture are largely state-owned.The role of these fields in the formation of GDP is essential.If the first of these accounted for 29%, while the second - 32%.The biggest share of GDP (about 39%) belongs to the service sector.The main industries of India - is ferrous metallurgy, machine building, power, light industry and chemical industry.On them will be discussed in more detail below.
Metallurgy Ferrous metallurgy is one of the key areas of the state economy.This is not surprising, as the country is rich in deposits of ore and coal.The most important center of the region was the city of Kolkata, a neighborhood which is often called "Indian Ruhr".Most major steel mills of the country are located mainly in the eastern states.In general, the industry is working to ensure the internal needs of the state.Among the extracted minerals India exports only manganese, mica, bauxite and some iron ores.
well-developed area of non-ferrous metals can be called aluminum smelting, which relies on its own large reserves of raw materials.The need for other non-ferrous metals is met by imports.
Engineering
this industry in recent years has made considerable progress.Quite developed include such areas as railway car, shipbuilding, automotive and aircraft construction.Major industries in India are provided at the expense of their own machine-building complex.The country produces almost all types of equipment.In this area there are more than 40 companies are located in the largest cities of the state.
Textiles
second largest source of employment in the country has become a textile industry in India.According to the analytical data, now it employs about 20 million local residents.In 2005, the government abolished a number of taxes and fees in the industry, which contributed to a significant influx of foreign and domestic investment.After that, in a very short period of time, this sphere of the economy transformed from degrading in the fastest-growing.Its rapid growth has stopped in 2008.The reason was the global crisis and the decline in demand in the world markets for textiles from India.
this industry ceased to be attractive to investors, which led to a reduction of about 800 thousand of newly created jobs in the industry.The authorities are currently undertaking a series of measures aimed at limiting the construction of the mills.This is done primarily for the development of small businesses operating in this area.
Chemical Industry
cost of production, which annually produces the chemical industry in India, an average of 32 billion US dollars.Currently, the industry is experiencing a number of problems, which are caused by the high prices of raw materials and capital goods, as well as the competition posed by imported goods.
profitability of this sector has been gradually declining as early as the nineties of the last century.Now the country is gradually improving the production of mineral fertilizers, chemical fibers, plastics and synthetic rubber.This sphere, as the pharmaceutical industry in India, exports formulations and means an average of 18 million a year.The main problem of the industry lies in the fact that only a small proportion of exported manufactured products.The only area that is and continues to grow significantly, - fine chemicals.
Energy Although the energy industry in India and is developing very rapidly, household needs of the population in the fuel provided mainly due to wood and agricultural waste.Extraction of coal settled in the north-eastern part of the state.Transport it to the thermal power plants are quite expensive.Whatever it was, they account for about 60% of electricity generated.
significant step towards a modern energy system was the construction of hydro and nuclear power.The share of first in the volume of electricity produced was 38%, while the second - 2%.
there in the depths of oil, but this branch, as oil industry in India, is very poorly developed.Processing of "black gold" is organized much better, but it is based mainly on imported raw materials.Major companies are located in major ports - Bombay and Madras.
Agriculture
in the structure of agriculture in India is dominated by crop.The main food crops are grown - is wheat and rice.The important role played by export grade specifications, which include cotton, tea, sugarcane, and tobacco.
Domination growing plants is largely due to climatic conditions.Rainy summer season provides ideal conditions for the cultivation of cotton, rice and cane, while less dependent on moisture crops (barley and wheat) are sown in dry winter.Thus, the crop in India developed throughout the year.State self-sufficient in food crops.
Largely because Hinduism livestock in the country practically does not develop.The fact that this is not just a religion does not encourage the eating of meat, but also calls the "dirty" even craft processing of hides.
Conclusion
development industry in India is gaining momentum.In her absolute size of government among the top ten world leaders.At the same time the level of national product attributable per capita is extremely low.Do not forget that India - is industrial-agrarian country, which since colonial times still save the economy with a predominant agricultural production.
