More than a hundred names of trees that make up the genus pine, distributed across the Northern Hemisphere.In addition, some types of pine trees can be found in the mountains just south and even in the tropics.This evergreen monoecious coniferous trees with needle-like leaves.
division is mainly in the territorial jurisdiction of the range, although many species of pine plants artificially bred and usually called by the name of the breeder.
General description of the genus pine
Appearance pine can vary: most often it is the trees, sometimes prostrate shrubs.The shape of the crown with age ranges from pyramidal to spherical or umbellate.This is due to the withering away of the lower branches and the rapid growth of branches in breadth.
shoots, which brought together the needles, are normal, short or long.The needles are collected in bundles, flat or triangular, narrow and long, do not fall within 3-6 years.Around the base are located small flakes.The fruits are cones, which develop inside the seeds (with or without wings).
In general, various types of pine trees are not too fastidious, drought-resistant, cold-resistant and do not require fertile soil.The plants prefer dry sandy and stony soils, but on this issue with the exception of White Pine, Wallich, resinous cedar and who are willing to grow at a moderate moisture.For mountain pine suitable limestone soil.And now look at some more varieties of this crop.
Pine
This is perhaps the most widespread conifer Eurasia, which can be called a symbol of the Russian forest.View Scots pine love of light, it feels normal and hard northern climates, and in the heat of the steppe.With barely tolerate urban conditions, but is a major crop for the creation of forests on sandy soil.In landscape design Scots pine in demand for a variety of decorative forms and rapid growth.
tree can grow up to 40 meters.Bark cracked, red-brown, the young plants - a thin, slightly orange.The needles are blue-gray color, duplex, hard, flat or curved, 4-6 cm long.The maximum age of a tree under favorable conditions - 400-600 years.
There are many artificially bred dwarf and dwarf varieties of Scots pine.Under natural conditions in the territory of the area it occurs in many different forms and can be easily crossed with species such as the black pine and mountain.Depending on the growing area is allocated as 30 ecological forms - ecotypes.
Siberian stone pine
Popular and other types of pines.In Russia, one of the most valuable forest tree species is the Siberian stone pine - a tree with a powerful rich MNV ovoid crown.The needles are short (6-13 cm) rough.Frost resistance, grows from the permafrost zone, in the taiga belt.Seeds of large edible cones and are rich in fatty oils.At the height of up to 3 meters.
stone pine elfin
distributed in Western Siberia and the Far East.Cedar elfin pine has a bushy shape, densely growing and has the ability to take root branches drooping to the ground.It is a kind of decorative thanks to the beautiful blue-green needles, bright red male spikelets and showy reddish-purple bumps.
White Pine
Very beautiful and tall pine.
varieties and species of North American pine trees have an important economic value.White Pine different thin, soft and long needles are bluish-green color.Cones have a curved elongated shape.Excellent withstand extreme cold, but in spite of unpretentiousness not suitable for greening the city.
Pine Mountain Weymouth
Some well-known types of pine trees growing in the Crimea, for example mountain Weymouth.It's a beautiful North American species that differs from the previous shortened bluish-green needles and a large number of curved cones.The height of a mature tree - about 30 meters, the crown is narrow, characteristic rusty pubescence on young shoots.This heat-loving tree, although drought brings with difficulty.It grows mostly in the mountainous areas that are protected from the sea winds.
Pallas Pine (Crimean pine)
Another view is widespread on the peninsula of Crimea.Pine of Pallas - a tall tree, about 20 meters.The bark is reddish-black, dotted with crevasses.Crohn's dense, change the shape of the egg to the umbellate.Different horizontally outstretched branches with turned-up ends and large cones.Crimean pine light-requiring, undemanding to soil, easy to tolerate lack of moisture.Also growing in the Caucasus, Crete, the Balkans, Asia Minor.
Armand Pine
decorative Chinese appearance with the characteristic long, thin needles, edible oil seeds.It grows only in warm southern regions.
Pine Banks
differs multilateral structure, imported from North America.Dark green needles rather short and twisted, curved cones.It grows up to 25 meters in height.Frost, unpretentious kind suitable for any soil.It is grown only in botanical gardens.
Pinus Heldreichii
This species is distributed in the Balkans and southern Italy.It is characterized by a spectacular long needles pale green color.Like many other species of pine trees, which are shown in the photo material, very unpretentious, moreover, easy to tolerate urban conditions.Weakness - hardy enough for the middle band, so perfect for the southern regions.
Pine Mountain
very attractive and mountain pine.Types of pine trees scattered across the Northern Hemisphere.This species grows in the mountains of Central and Southern Europe.It is a big branched tree or stretched elfin.Of particular interest to have a variety of landscape design compact miniature trees, of which create beautiful compositions on the banks of water bodies, rocky gardens and so forth. The maximum height - 10 meters, and the minimum - 40 centimeters.
Pinus densiflora
One of the hardy species are grown in central Russia - the so-called Japanese red pine.The main condition for its good growth - not too long freezing of the soil.The needles are long and crowding at the end of the branches, while dusting the tree exudes fragrance.Do not tolerate urban conditions, growing on poor sandy soils.
melkotsvetkovaya pine or white pine
Japanese kinds of decorative pine presented melkotsvetkovoy (white) pine, which won its second title of the spectacular white or bluish stripes on the needles, pronounced by the twist.Nezimostoyka, in central Russia grows only stunted dwarf variety.Since the tree loves the warmth and good light, it is perfect for the climate of the Black Sea coast.
Ponderosa
luxurious look with a narrow, pyramidal crown lace in nature grows in North America.It has long needles and a nice thick crust.It survives in the southern regions and central Russia, but freezes in very cold winters.Tree height is 10 meters.Prefers protected from the wind, so it is best planted in groups.Ponderosa is not susceptible to harmful urban environment.
Pinus cembra
European look like a cedar pine Siberian "cousin."The difference lies in the smaller sizes, more dense spreading crown and a long thin needles.Besides cones and tree seeds are not as large.It grows slowly but live longer.It is an ideal look in single and group plantings landscaping.
pine cedar Korean
decorative rather rare species growing in the Far East, East Asia, Korea and Japan.Beauty is a coniferous tree can be compared to the Siberian cedar pine, although the krona at the "Koreans" less dense, downy gray-green needles and cones decorative.Seeds, nuts also edible.Frost in central Russia culture carries relatively normal, grows stunted trees, but in the wild it can reach a height of 40-50 meters.
Montezuma pine
owner of very long needles in nature is found in western North America and Guatemala.
tree grows up to 30 meters in height and has a spreading spherical crown.Huge tapered cones can reach lengths of 25 cm. It prefers warm and humid climate, so perfectly acclimatized in the Crimea.Not subject to diseases and the effect of pests.
bristlecone pine
Many ornamental species of pine, including bristlecone perfectly grow and bear fruit in central Russia.This North American species is quite rare and is a small tree or shrub with raised branches, which form a lush spreading crown.The needles are thick, and cones - long spines.Unpretentious and winter-hardy varieties of all.
Pinus Peuce
Variety Balkan pine has low pyramidal crown, dark-green needles 5-10 cm long and cylindrical cones hang on legs.Young shoots glabrous.Bark brown, layer.Pinus Peuce is growing rapidly and has no special requirements for lighting and soils.It is used in the decoration of parks.
Twisted Pine (shirokohvoynaya)
growing in North America due to good winter hardiness and bred in central Russia.The culture extends to large areas along the Pacific coast.The name given for the guy twisted needles.Maybe bushes or high (50 meters) tree, the lower branches of which are omitted, and the upper or spreading or directed upwards.There is a growing culture rather slowly, but unpretentious to the conditions of life not only in nature, but even in the city.
Pinus thunbergii
Rare decorative look from Japan, which is also called black pine.The main habitat - high mountain forests, about 1,000 meters above sea level.This evergreen tree grows up to 40 meters in height.Crohn usually irregular in light green color, with a long rigid needles (8-14 cm x 2 mm).Bark black and orange shoots and bare.Pinecones Pinus thunbergii almost flat and gray seeds with wings.Thermophilic and moisture-loving culture that we have in the country grows well in Sochi.
Himalayan Pine (Wallich or Valliha)
Luxury dlinnohvoynaya pine came from the Himalayas and the Tibetan mountains.Rapidly growing, not well tolerate frost, moisture-loving.The perfect place for the culture we have - the Crimea, where she fine fruits.The tree reaches a height in the nature of 30-50 meters.Beautiful 18-centimeter gray-green needles hanging.Decorative yellow cones as long - about 32 centimeters.View cultivated landscape for group plantings.
Black pine
Many ornamental species of pine trees are wild, including black pine, which came to us from the mountainous regions of Central Europe.This breed is highly resistant to urban conditions.The name had a very dark bark and dark-green needles growing abundantly.This creates a shady area in contrast to the Scots pine.In Russia, more suitable for the steppes of the North Caucasus, but dwarf ornamental forms can be diluted and north.
What are the cones of pine?
Different types of pine cones differ in their shape, size and color.But all of them at the beginning of the life of soft, yellow-green, and as they mature woody and change color from dark green to brown.
The largest size are pine cones American Lambert - 50 centimeters long, Coulter - up to 40 centimeters, and the Cilician fir that grow about 30 centimeters long.The smallest cones barely extend up to 3 centimeters, have larch and Douglas-Japanese Lyell.
In general, different kind of pine trees, the rapid development and growth.Exceptions are those types who have to survive in difficult climatic conditions: in the mountains, in bogs, rocky soil stingy, in the north.In these cases, degenerate into mighty trees stunted and dwarf varieties.However, they are of great interest for the decoration of landscape plantings.
