history of humanity can be divided into two major periods - primitive society and class society.First period - is the era where the rules of a caveman.It lasted many hundreds of thousands of years, in contrast to the second, which is the strength of a few thousand years.
first people on the planet
It cavemen because of his work over time, evolved into modern man.At the same time, there is culture.At that time, the community was small.Their organization was the most primitive.Like life.So, sometimes a person's lifestyle that period called primitive.Initially cavemen involved in gathering and hunting, the master of itself for these purposes stone tools.In such communities dominated by equal rights and duties, there was no class discrimination.Relationships are built on the basis of family ties.
According to scientists, the cave man appeared about 2.5 million years ago as a result of the evolution of Australopithecus.The main difference is considered the beginning of the stone and the creation of primitive tools from it.These tools cavemen cut branches, butchered carcasses after the hunt, bone split, dug out of the ground roots.According to the classification of people called Homo habilis.Abilities have been limited to the movement of the legs and the ability to keep the stone and stick, the minimum logical operations for the manufacture of simple tools for hunting.The groups were small.
Pithecanthropus
Around one million years BC appeared Pithecanthropus, ape.Size cerebral it was significantly larger than that of homo habilis.Accordingly, he was able to produce more sophisticated tools.For example, scrapers, minced regular geometric shape.However, the functions of tools were all the same: to dig, planing, hunt and butcher the results of the hunt.It is essential to life and adaptation to natural disasters affected cavemen beginning of the Ice Age.Man has adapted to life in many climatic zones and regions, and scientists find traces of Pithecanthropus in the areas of Europe, North Africa and China.These signs say that the geography of the habitat has expanded significantly.It contributed to the migration of ancient human emergence of land areas due to lower levels of the oceans.
As previously lived cavemen
their homes Pithecanthropus often settled in near water sources.Caveman already knew that water sources - is the habitat of animals and, therefore, a source of food.A significant number of dangers made people gather in large groups to ensure the safety and ease of hunting.
life of a caveman.Neanderthal
Neanderthal appeared 250 thousand years ago.Homo sapiens evolved from Pithecanthropus as a result of the influence of the environment and the development of skills of labor.The name of this stage of human development was in honor of the valley, which were first found his remains.Outwardly, he already had a strong resemblance to modern man.Low forehead, gross figure, receding chin - that is the main distinguishing features that stand out the caveman.Photos, modeled on the basis of the remains present give full force and power possessed by these creatures.
Neanderthals massively populated areas such as the south of Europe, Asia and Africa.The main dwelling was a cave.Often the cave had to fend off bears, who came there for hibernation.About the power of cavemen is the fact that they had to kill the power of these large animals, the length of which sometimes reached three meters.Mass bears the remains of bones were found in caves in many European countries, such as Germany, Austria, Switzerland and others.
mental development caveman
Since the brains of Neanderthals were higher than that of Pithecanthropus, and the tools greatly improved.Quality performance is greatly improved.Also, the shape became more regular and diverse.Technology accelerated processing of stone material.The main achievement was the ability of Neanderthals to make fire.
The high level of mental development cavemen says that tools have been found in different parts of the world, they differ from each other.That is, their development took place independently in different regions.As scientists assume, in the same period, there are racial differences and people.Also, changing physical characteristics of the ancient people who are directly dependent on the area of their habitat.
cultural level of cavemen also increased.In groups the relationship becomes stronger.It appears understanding of generational change.And, therefore, the Neanderthals start to bury the dead with the help of primitive rites.Most burials were carried out in caves.Individual attitude of the people of that time were to the skull.Their burials were conducted in special pits, probably because of some belief or domestic foundations.
Unlike Pithecanthropus Homo sapiens did not throw the sick and destitute.Probably people that already extracted food is much larger than needed for survival.Therefore, the opportunity to include dependents.
Rites
found artifacts of the time say that Neanderthals made any ceremonies.So, a few caves have been found skulls of bears, arranged in a certain order.This installation is very similar to the altar for religious ceremonies.
