Not so long ago appeared in the press is simply a sensational statement.It appears on all the computers of public institutions of our country soon there will be no "traditional" OS Windows!Major figures promise that it will be replaced by a Russian operating system.The idea is that by the end of this year, this is the "Operating System" needs to start passing the test in public schools.
Optimistic start
most famous projects, which in theory can claim such a significant role, is the "Synergy".This system uses the kernel Linux, the decision on its development was made as recently as 13 August 2014.This joint committee decided (at a meeting of the companies of JSC "Russian Railways", "Rosatom") and the Russian Federal Nuclear Center of Sarov.
incidentally, that the company "Synergy" Now it must be extensively tested.From the "Russian Railways" will require an active "bringing to mind" the OS, provided its use in managing user databases.I do such and such at the Railways enough!
By the way, the whole idea was initiated by all the specialists of "Rosatom", as in the nuclear energy sector is extremely high share of imported software, and from such a vicious practice has long been time to leave.All those involved in the development of promising that the Russian operating system will be protected from hacking is not worse than the best foreign analogues.
last drop
Such a rapid decision was largely due to the fact that just in August 2014 released a new service pack for Windows 7. The irony is that these updates have led to the abandonment of thousands of computers around the world,as it had critical errors.The problem is also aggravated the situation with the failure of systems Windows RT, Windows 8 and 8.1.
Why is all this necessary
general, lately everyone is discussing the Russian operating system.However, discussions are in an ironic way.Do not blame the people are unpatriotic.Practice shows that in most cases, domestic projects in this area have to offer except "not dull wallpaper" but a new theme of the same Ubuntu.
is important to understand how it must meet the requirements of the really promising Russian operating system what it should be based on the principles.Let's try to dream and imagine in what direction it should go to develop.
«Childhood diseases»
general, is always to start with previous experience, even if it is negative.As we have already said, our country there is one.Since ancient "Spectrum", which raises several rethought DOS, finishing times recently, when some computer clubs established "fundamentally new" BedOS 2 "Tanya."This epic creation was nothing but a recycled almost unrecognizable Windows 98.
All of them were united by one thing: despite the new interface, these OS is a simple converted several products of world famous manufacturers of software.
What are the challenges faced by domestic developers?
In principle, nothing new in this case, however.If you now really developed the new Russian operating system for PCs, before its creators is a huge number of problems.We list only the main ones:
- Edition operating system, which will fulfill all your tasks, work on servers and workstations, as Russian production.
- Creating working and virtualization functionality to it.
- The same development Database management, debugging, which is now assigned to the Railways.
- Creation, development and support of the national development environment.
- release funds that could be used to automate testing.
- Creating a national "app store."You give an adequate response to all kinds AppStore!
- Edition OS that can run not only on desktop and laptop computers, but also on mobile technology (smartphones, tablets).This Russian mobile operating system should be the rival "Android», iOS, Windows Mobile.
- Development of design tools that will facilitate the creation of new applications.
- analysis of the business sector of the economy, creation of a specialized cluster of programs specifically for him.
- Finally, the development of Russian operating system should provide for the establishment of their own desktop environment (DE).
- creation of new tools to install, deploy, and debug programs written.
- the opportunities for painless migration business and home users with older versions of the OS.
- formation courses that will tell users that a Russian operating system for the PC, its opportunities and prospects.
All about the new OS
no secret that the modern segment of home computers is largely focused on the game.In addition, the PC market is characterized by an incredible variety of computer "iron", as well as the absolute domination of the most of Windows.Since all of the concepts and habits of users in this niche differ ingrained conservatism, to somehow change them is unlikely to succeed.
Thus, Russia's new operating system will certainly be focused on public bodies, corporate segments of the economy, the scope of the military industrial complex.
What requirements must comply with the new OS?
- relatively low cost of both the system and the "iron", which is necessary for its normal functioning.
- Having the opportunity to "cloud" on documents.Simply put, the new system should be oriented any environment for collaborative development, which is especially in demand in an enterprise or government organization.
- system must be able to scale.It is desirable that during the growth of the company it could "sharpen" it to the needs of a large organization (sort of analogues versions Business, Professional).
- processing speed volumes of information should be the maximum possible.
- maximum reliability and security (including viruses).
- design and development of the operating system should be carried out taking into account the latest trends in the market "iron".
- Protection from malicious activity.In principle, the Russian operational system "Rosa" well protected from it, but it is actually another distribution "Linux".
- at least theoretically possible to use on home computers (to gradually attract a new audience).
- Fully compatible even with the most common examples of computer "iron" and the periphery.
OS development, taking into account trends in the future development of hardware
Lately processors crossed the threshold of 14 nm, there were still domestic "Elbrus" 65 nm, according to the imminent capacious memory of a new type ReRam, that speed will leavefar behind all modern SSD (NAND).Simply put, one of the priority tasks facing manufacturers is to develop a system that will run on both existing and in the promising "iron".The matter is complicated, but because there are legitimate doubts as to its success.
And now we talk about real progress in this area.About
"Chameleon" and other
Generally, modern domestic OS has just two realistic development path.And the first place is a justified interest of the military, which is very important to secure the domestic software.The second direction can be described as a "patriotic development."The network sometimes there are projects whose authors are regularly advertised operating system in Russia.
In the latter case, you can call the OS Xameleon.If we talk about the technological side of the issue, it is very similar to Mac OS X, since both systems are based on a microkernel."Chameleon" design applies L4, and a part of Mac OS X is included microkernel Mach.Alas, the domestic "answer" is that it does not even banal GUI, ie GUI.
Other candidates
There is also a Russian operating system "OS Patriot."For quite a long time on Boomstarter announced the collection of donations for its creation.The stated amount is 38.5 million rubles, which in itself causes a massive ridicule in the network.The fact that domestic kraudfandingovye projects never gained more than 12 million.Also, if you read the requirements for the new system ...
Simply put, the amount claimed is not too much.If the Russian operating system "OS Patriot" will qualify for at least 1-2% of the market in this area, then you need to collect ten times more.However, this money should be enough for at least a pre-beta version of which will be judged on the prospects of the project.But some of the adequacy of the respective characteristics is deep doubts.
Minute humor
So, the author of the project says that he would like to create a new network of "Patrionet" analogue of the World of the Internet, which will be available only to users on computers that will be installed Russian operational system "Patriot".It is stated that it is based will be put "incredibly fast dynamic technology."The fact is that to achieve something like that would be enough, even 38 million dollars, to say nothing of the national currency ...
Phantom prospects
There is also a Russian operating system "Phantom."In theory, a development company Digital Zone (in fact - "home-made" Dmitry Zavalishin).Last year, each warmly prove the benefits of its "child" in the exhibition HighLoad and other similar events.
In principle, and this time nothing truly revolutionary and new Russian operating system does not contain the Phantom.The developers really are not telling the whole story when the claim if their OS is not a clone of Windows / Unix.
's just they somehow "forget" to tell you that the "Phantom" is almost an exact copy of KeyKOS / EROS.And this theme was launched in distant 80s of last century, when they were laid down general principles for the development KeyKOS.
