Contact the words in the phrase.

In this article we will talk about what the relationship of words in a phrase, what kinds of them there are, how they differ from each other.This theme requires some terminological clarification.

In particular, in order to understand what are the ways of word association, you must first determine what constitutes the term "expression".Then we move on to the question of what is the relationship of words in the phrase."Lesson" continues our detailed examination of the control and coordination of connections and end a little tip that you can use, not to be mistaken in their definition.

Note that this is a very important topic, because the exam is paid great attention to the question of what the relationship of words in the phrase.Test this in all versions includes the definition of types of communication.

definition of "phrase"

phrase - the connection of two or more words related grammatically and in meaning, which serves to designate certain dissectively single concept (the action, the quality of an object or the object itself, and others.).

It is a unit of syntax that performs the communicative function (in other words, is part of it) only as part of a sentence.

Today it is generally recognized that the connection to the phrases are just some of the words on the basis of subordination ties, that is, they have to be two components - the master and slave member.Some of the researchers of linguistic structure also include a combination of homogeneous parts of the sentence in a separate group - coordinative phrases, but we will stick to the traditional classification, and exclude them from our consideration also because, in order to occur to be the management, coordination and contiguity, that is,methods of communication, the interest we need to important parts of the speech were connected is subordinate connection.

grammatical homonymy

Consider, for example, a combination of the words "read myself".Here there is the effect of the so-called grammatical homonyms.This phrase can ask two questions: "Read about whom?"and "Read what?".In the latter case, when we have in mind is not reading aloud, "myself" serves as an adverb, and it is - unchanging word, therefore, it is adjacent to the main.In the second case, when the value is "currently" dependent part of speech is used in a case form, that is, it controls the main and therefore it will be managing.

Let us remember that the words in a sentence can be connected either subordination or ordinative bond, since there are two kinds of them: writing and submission.

What work?

Writer - connection is not dependent on each other, or syntactically equal elements.This may be related in a simple sentence homogeneous members (slowly but surely, cats and dogs) or parts of the proposal (or complex conjunctionless slozhnosochinennogo).

What submission?

Submission - communication unequal syntax elements (parts of a complex sentence, as well as individual words in it).

The phrase there is only subordinate connection between meaningful parts of speech.Therefore, when invited to find in the text of the coordination, management, or contiguity, that is, the connection is a subordinate connection, you can immediately remove from the circle of our search for the combination of subject and predicate (that is, the grammatical basis of the proposal), compound verbal and nominal predicates and introductory words.It was at last should pay special attention as subordinate bonds in one form or another may have an introductory offer and phrases.Examples: "Something flashed in the sky. Maybe the lightning."It "may" - opening remarks.But such expressions as "I think" and "she said" - this introductory offer and combinations.

Reconciliation, contiguity and management - are the main types of subordination relation.

Agreement: definition

Matching - this relationship of words in a phrase, in which its form resembles the main dependent, ie it is used in the same number, gender and case, as that to which it refers - a noun or other partspeech in its meaning: "Dear mourners" or "not any" something "hyphenated".If you change the main changes and dependent word.

What words can be dependent in agreement?

The text is not difficult to find a combination with this type of connection, if we remember that as a subordinate of the word (ie dependent) appear always only changes the part of speech: pronouns possessive (of your statements), relative (what means)demonstrative (this infamy), Identification (all sorts of consequences, all good), pronouns negative (by any means), uncertain (some friends), adjectives (grave burden, a total lack of freedom of the heavy burden), full communion (raging hurricane), andordinal numbers (the twentieth year) and nouns that are consistent applications, relating to the number and case with the main word (unless the noun can be changed by the numbers);born as they always the same, so on this basis may not be consistent similar phrases.Examples: new building, mother-teacher.

substantivized word

from adjectives and participles involved in such a relationship of significant parts of speech, as the harmonization, to be distinguished as the so-called substantivized words, that is, of communion and adjectives that have moved in the category of nouns "It is equally true for the poor, and to the good. "These two concepts ("bad" and "good") form the main word combination, referred to as control, because they are the nouns in this context.We ask the question: "refers to what?".And the answer: "And to the poor, and to the good."

Cardinal numbers

special case is composed phrases cardinal numbers.In them they appear to function normally dependent words, but not always.For example, in the accusative and nominative like numerals are always a key member, and in other forms - subordinates.You can compare the following sentences: "I worked for twenty years at the school," and "I'm working up to six hours."The combination of the words "up to six hours," the numeral "six" in the genitive case is dependent word.You can ask the question: "Up to how many hours you work?".And the answer: "Up to six".In the expression "twenty years" the main word is a numeral "twenty."We ask the following question: "Twenty-what?".And he answered: "Twenty years."This case - control.In the Russian language is very often used a similar phrase.

Management: Definition

We are gradually creep up to the next type of connection of two significant parts of speech.Management - communication of words in the phrase, characterized in that the dependent word (noun or other part of the speech in its functions: substantivized word, a pronoun, a numeral (look at both / to sitting / it / other)) is placed in a particular case form (with or without excuse), which is caused by a key member of its lexical and grammatical meaning.That word can be a noun, verb, adjective, adverb, a cardinal number in the accusative or nominative, word category status.

other words, the main thing from the dependent requires some case forms.

Note that in the very term "management" has laid a hint that the Russian phrases of this kind are characterized by the control of one word with another.

Management Features

With this type of communication dependent members always respond to questions oblique cases, "remembered history", "it should have been let go," "was serving a day," "shown in the road" and others.

Please notesome Russian phrases, although it is possible for them to ask the others, namely adverbial, questions (was serving (where?) and (on what?) on the mode) - this is the management, since it indicates the presence of prepositions therein.

Thus, an excuse - it is always a sign that this phrase - control rather than contiguity.

Junction: definition

Consider now the last form of communication.Junction - it is such a connection of words in a phrase, in which it is grammatically rather than lexically (that is, within the meaning of) expressed dependence subordinate words, intonation and their order.Only the unchangeable parts of speech may be adjacent: it is the infinitive, the adverb, unchanging adjective (Khaki) and the relative power of it, with a simple (older children), a noun acting as an inconsistent application (for example, in the newspaper "Moscow News"), possessive pronounsthem it its.With this in mind, it is easy to find in the text link words in the phrase "contiguity."After all, the term itself is transparent: the dependent explains importantly, joins him.

Features contiguity

main word in such combinations can be a verb, noun, adjective, adverb, participle and gerund.

should pay particular attention to the relationship possessive pronouns words with her, him, them, because they, unlike the forms of personal pronouns, homonymous they do not change, so act only in this regard, as contiguity.For example: "Tomorrow it should have been let go."Here "it" - a form of the personal pronoun "she" in the genitive case, so before us in this case, the connection management.In another sentence - "Her eyes were blue" - this is a possessive pronoun, is immutable, so it is connected to the main word using the junction.

special case of contiguity

special case of this type of communication - this is when the word serves as a dependent infinitive: "I demand to keep up appearances."In this sentence the phrase "required to comply with" - not compound verbal predicate as the action carried out by different parties (subjects): I demand and comply will you / he / they are, and so on. N., Therefore, the other person / entity, in this caseThey are complementary, rather than part of the predicate.

in complex sentences Union speech - the relative pronoun "someone", "what", "who", "how", "what", "who" in the forms of oblique cases (the same part of speech in the simple act as interrogative)adverbs and how, how, why, why, where, when, where, where - are also dependent in phrases with different types of connection.

VERDICT

Thus, in determining what type of attribute or that expression, you can use the following tips:

when negotiating the key word to the dependent has three requirements - the number, gender and case;

the management there is only one requirement - the case;

abutment at no charge.

help you better remember the information that is the connection of words in the phrase table.