When a person wants to know the world, the beginning of his presentation are made up of the first contacts with him.This sensory perception of reality is extremely important.However, it only gives signals about the facts that we see, feel, hear.But it is necessary sources of knowledge, not it itself.And what to do if we want to understand what the face?Then we need other, more advanced as compared to the types of sensory reflection of perception.That higher type or form of rational knowledge is the kind of thinking.
The process of understanding the connection between the facts has activity - in fact we are trying to understand what is happening.He is also inherent in mediation.This process is characterized by the search for the spirit and the desire to generalize.In addition, it represents a systematic approach to the reflection of reality and solving its problems in a special clear views.They represent the three forms of rational knowledge.
The first of these is often called the concept.This is the main "building block" in the activity of thinking and rationalization of reality.In terms of the nature described or expressed by the observed object, as well as provide the necessary explanations.To better understand what exactly is a form of rational knowledge is the concept, remember also that this kind of thinking tells us, first of all, on the general and laws.Folding these representations occurs in practice, because the only way to determine what are the aspects of reality are essential.As our knowledge of change, it is often produced by other concepts or content specified earlier.
Another form of rational cognition is a judgment.It is this kind of logical thinking, which involves a certain approval or denial with respect to the object being studied.In the judgment there a link between the concepts.Thus, make their contents, as well as a more complete definition.We can say that the judgment systematize thinking, operating concepts.
Another form of rational knowledge is inference.As a result, the logical process several judgments "generate" a new affirmation or negation.It, in turn, represents the next stage of our knowledge about an object or phenomenon.Therefore, inferences can be divided into several types.First of all, the inductive process (when thinking of moving to a more concretized judgments generalized).There are conclusions that logic works in reverse.That is, the transition from general to specific judgment (deductive processes).There are also deductions "by analogy".In this case, on the basis of similarity and the similarity of some elements or processes conclusions about others.
So, we have considered the basic form of rational knowledge: concept, judgment, and, of course, the inference.However, many philosophers believe that in epistemology as such, and in the functioning of consciousness play a huge role category.This special, universal form of rational comprehension of reality that reflect the basic communication patterns and properties of material things, spiritual phenomena and the various processes.Specificity of the categories is that if the concept and made up of these opinions may be different for each science, these terms have universal philosophical and methodological significance for virtually any discipline.
