Formation of correct speech - it is part of education.Sometimes this process prevent any factors, and then defects appear.One of the most common problems in preschool children - sounds "a", "w".How to overcome difficulties?
development of speech in children
No child learned to speak at once.However, the formation of speech - a process that begins almost at birth.Talking to the baby, parents help him understand how people communicate, what are the different tones and sounds.The child then begins to try to repeat the words of the older forms its own language based on the mother.Finally, there is a turning point - a little man begins to communicate using understandable to parents and others phrases.But this development does not end there.Vocabulary, improving articulation, differentiation of sounds and words on hearing, and in the conversation - all of this needs to be given due attention.Often, all of these processes occur on their own, but sometimes children need help.In this case, the main thing - time to notice the error and did not give a foothold in the wrong model memory.Otherwise there is a risk of moving all the problems and written language, and get rid of it will be much harder.
Whistling and hissing sounds
In the process of formation of speech and expand your vocabulary, it often happens that the vocal apparatus does not allow the child to say the right thing.The fact that the active assimilation of the phonetic system starts at 1.5 and ends approximately to 5 years.This identified a number of stages.
child grows, and with it - and its possibilities.At first, some sounds are mixed or replaced with more simple in education.In fact, velar, hissing and shaking [p] and [p] represent the greatest difficulty for the children.Their development is almost the least - to 5-6 years.Prior to that, there is a tendency to soften, stun and simplification.So, whistling sounds quite successfully replaced by hissing.However, mastering the correct pronunciation of the most difficult for himself phonemes, the child can start to use them, even where this is not required.And then you need to help him fix it until the habit.
to a speech therapist when and why
Insufficient development of speech - common problem, for example, children who are brought up in a bilingual family.In addition, the peculiarities of each individual child, but there are certain signs, noting that, you can start thinking about how to visit a specialist.After diagnosis, speech therapist will reveal problems that require correction.So, it is often necessary differentiation of the sound [w] - [s], [p] - [L], [h] - [s] and some others.The specialist will develop a suitable program, including a comprehensive work on the troubled couples.
It is worth remembering that although the correction is possible even in adulthood, it is much easier and more efficiently carried out in the period up to 12 years.Noting that for a long time the problem persists, you should not turn a blind eye.This can be caused by anatomical reasons or psychological problems.
Improvement and correction of articulation
talking, people do not think that by saying certain sounds, they involve a huge amount of muscle.And how is the development of a child at an early age may depend on whether it will collide with the problems in the future.
There is a special articulation exercises, which should be carried out several times a day.It will develop and strengthen the facial muscles, which will positively affect the child's ability to correctly pronounce certain sounds, including whistling and hissing with.
Differentiation
[C] - [N] - are quite common in the practice of speech therapy a couple of requiring differentiation.Game methods, finger gymnastics, dancing and even exercise, colorful pictures and illustrations, all - weapons experts in the struggle with speech defects, because classes do not have to be boring.
Neglect correct pronunciation of vowel sounds could be a mistake, because they connect words together.If necessary, should be carried out work on the relaxation of the facial muscles and skills of correct movements.To do this, a speech therapist says all the phonemes exaggerated and slowly, explaining where the bodies must be involved in sound production.
mechanism and stages
solution to the problem should be carried out comprehensively.It is necessary to use multiple channels of perception: auditory, visual, tactile, etc.So, usually pre-correction takes place as follows:
- Clarifying the articulation of sounds. using mirrors or teacher a child can see how the need to work the facial muscles, hear how to pronounce this or that phonetic unit to sense the flow of exhaled air, and then, what is the position of tongue, lips and so on. D.
- Selecting audioin a syllable. exercises include simulation of speech, the child must learn phonemes by ear and be able to repeat them.
- Isolation of sound in the word. task is complicated because the business come polysyllabic language units.It is necessary to eliminate the examples with similar acoustic properties of phonemes.
- Linking to other sounds. At this stage, the child determines what part of speech is the phoneme, which is in front of it or after it.
- Isolation of sound in a sentence.This is the final stage.
bulk of the work, that is the direct differentiation of sounds [w] - [s], made by means of comparing them.An important role in this case played phonetic analysis skills acquired at a preliminary stage.
Standard classes for children up to 8 years, lasts up to an hour, depending on the perseverance and efficiency in each case.
self-employment
effectiveness of the right of speech, of course, increase if, in addition to a child specialist will train parents.Ask about the procedures of the home speech therapy sessions or develop their own.After auditory differentiation will be made [with] - [w] should distinguish between the sounds and the sense of pronunciation.To teach a child to fold phonemes with each other need to hold regular exercises to simulate the following syllables: Ca, with bitches, sha, sho, shu.To continue the process, that is, to integrate the derived units in words and sentences, the so-called chistogovorki.Ultimately, the correct pronunciation of sounds in each individual case will not cause any trouble and will become an afterthought.Then we can assume that the differentiation of the sound [w] - [a] complete.
about the importance of properly configured
course, many mothers are very experienced, finding that the child is not perfect in its development.Too much psychological stress can affect children, including it manifests itself in the form of speech defects.The first step is to moderate perfectionism, lower requirements (yes, this man, but small!), Give the child to understand that it will love, come what may.
Differentiation sound [w] - [s] or any other should take place in a friendly atmosphere, you can not scold or punish children for unintentional mistakes, but you can only adjust and insist on correct pronunciation.It requires love and patience.
