One of the most striking examples of hydrodynamic accidents became an event in California, only seventy kilometers from Los Angeles (the canyon of San Francisco).The reservoir began to fill in 1972, but the maximum level has been reached in a year.Water seeping through the dam, raises concerns already, but the complaints of locals authorities have not responded.The trouble came in 1928, March 12.The dam broke water pressure, break through the strata of soil and collapsed.40-meter high wall liquid demolished power station, built in the 25 km in 5 minutes.All living together with buildings destroyed.The flow then covered valley.Here, his strength weakened slightly, but continued on his way to sweep away everything, moving to the coastal plain.By this time it was already a three-kilometer mud flow that killed six people ...
What kinds of hydrodynamic accidents?Can I avoid them?
Hydrodynamic accident largely predictable, and predictable, but human carelessness allows them to happen.Alas, the natural factor in the form of earthquakes, hurricanes, landslides, avalanches and floods cause of the tragedy becomes much less than the human factor.Hydrodynamic accidents happen more frequently due to errors in the design, construction design defects, improper use, inadequate spillways and overflow water through the dam.In addition, do not miss the opportunity to acts of sabotage and strikes against such facilities.
hydrodynamic accidents are the result of failure of hydraulic structures, which resulted in uncontrollable powerful flow of huge masses of water at high velocity flooded vast areas, bringing destruction and death.The flooded area is divided into 4 zones.
first is in close proximity to the water engineering and within a radius of 12 km from it.The speed and height of the flow depends on the nature of the damage of hydraulic structures, their fullness before the accident, and altitude.Here the destruction of the most ambitious.
second and third zones of the flow velocity and wave height drops significantly (decisive here is geographical indicators terrain: hills, slopes, plains and so on.).
The fourth zone includes the region of weak currents, where the rate of about 8-9 km / h and the length depends on the topography of the flooded areas.
It is the first area where there are mass casualties and destruction (and more often - complete destruction) facilities are considered to be areas of catastrophic flooding.
possible whether hydrodynamic accident in Russia?Judge for yourself.The country has built tens of thousands of reservoirs, capacity of sixty of them - more than a billion cubic meters.Drives industrial waste and sewage - ten times more.And all of them - potentially dangerous objects.These include not only man-made structures (pools, ponds, dams, levees, surge tanks, etc.), But also the natural formation of the difference in water level (upstream / downstream).Information: 300 officially registered accidents dams over the past one hundred and fifty years, more than 30% occurred due to excess consumption of waste.
Examples of such disasters on the territory of the Russian Federation, unfortunately, a lot: 1993 - Kiselevsky reservoir (dam break), 1994 - Tirlyan Reservoir, p.White (dam failure), 1994 - Primorye (flood) 1999 - Yakutia (and the tragedy is repeated after two years), 2002 - the Krasnodar region (the flood and the destruction of waterworks).
latest tragedy happened in July of 2012, in Krymsk.Experts still versed in its causes, but people continue to search for their missing relatives.
turns out, the last 25 years the dam "could not see" overhaul.In the event of an accident can cover a wave of about half a million people.Six years ago, the dam was in disrepair.In some places, the gap reached 50 cm. Sergei Shoigu, Minister of Emergency Situations in Russia, described the situation as very hard.Locals also repeatedly notify the relevant authorities of the danger.The official conclusion, dating from 2010, the year proved a serious threat.But while the thunder will not burst ...
And he struck.On the night of June 7th a huge wave covered the sleeping people in Krymsk, Novorossiysk, Gelendzhik.The number of dead counted so far.Official figures put the number at 200 people, and the people themselves say that the victims more at times ...
No matter how bitter, but the rescue of drowning remains the handiwork of drowning.And well, if you have time to inform the population of impending trouble.And if not?What if the floods come suddenly?
Take the most elevated place (wood, roof of the house).Hang the panel on which you can find.At night, a clearly visible light signals.If the water is already at the threshold, do not hesitate to construct improvised raft.If you find yourself in the water, grab the large floaters.Do not panic.Continue to call for help and alert.Beware of electrical wires and sharp pieces of debris.Do not drink the water without treatment.Do not drink the water trapped in the product.
After the recession of water entering into the house, Open your doors and windows wide open.Gas and electrical switch only after a thorough airing and full confidence in the health of devices and wirings.
