Everyone should have to know not only the country's past, but also to the origins of its main symbols of state power.In this article we would like to describe the Imperial, or People's stamp, black-yellow-white flag, whose it when he appeared, and that is personified.
What is a flag?
Banner every country has a profound sense of the sacred and clearly expresses its identity.This is the official symbol of the nation state, describing her spiritual reality.On flags represented an important symbolic emblem, flag or its individual elements, which conditionally can tell of significant historical events, traditions, beliefs, and even about the economy and the country's geographical position.The colors of the flag always have deep meaning, expressing the unity of the people, his power, the desire for freedom and peace.Russian black-yellow-white flag became a sacred symbol of the great country, state power and strength, stability and inviolability of borders of our historical homeland.About him we describe in detail below.
History of the Russian flag.The first national flag of
national flags, as well as hymns started to appear in Europe only since the end of the XVIII century.Until that time, of course, there were various flags and coats of arms of aristocratic families, dynasties, commercial and military fleets, icons guilds and shops.Russia has been fighting spread banners, banners.They are often depicted the faces of the Mother of God, the Savior and the saints.They were sacred, like the icons, often in front of them prayed and served prayers.The royal banners were considered state flags, but until the XVII century had no official status, so often changed its appearance, color and shape.It is believed that the origin of the emergence of the first Russian flag put Tsar Alexei Mikhailovich, who has published two special decree in the 1668-1669 biennium.They are prescribed to raise over Russian warships white-blue-red flag.
Flags of the reign of Peter I and Elizabeth
Later Peter I continued the work of the creation of the state flag.In 1693 a warship "Saint Peter" was raised "flag of the king of Moscow", represents the panel (4.6 to 4.9 m) of horizontal bands of blue, red and white colors.The flag in the middle of gold paint was depicted two-headed eagle.In 1699, the king drew his own sketch three-band flag Russian Empire.Also tricolor used on military ships Peter I adopted another state standard - yellow flag painted with a black eagle in the center, which was holding four cards with images of the Caspian, the White Sea and Azov Sea and the Gulf of Finland.The next step in the creation of the Russian state flag has become the procedure of the coronation of Elizabeth.For the ceremony (1742) has developed a new flag of the Russian Empire, which consisted of yellow cloth with the image of a black double-headed eagle, surrounded by oval shields with coats of arms.
Russian flag is black, yellow, white - "imperka"
next state flag was created on the day of the coronation of Alexander II.It looked like this: on a gold cloth was shown the black eagle and white St. George on horseback.He proposed the creation of such a flag heraldist Kёne BV, which is developing the coats of arms of the Russian Empire and the Romanov dynasty.He believed that the new Russian national flag must install the stamp colors - black, silver and gold, as was customary in heraldry many European countries.Later, June 11, 1856, Alexander II issued an order approved a new look and the National Flag is now set, that all flags, banners, pennants and other items used on ceremonial occasions, must have color stamp Russian Empire.Thus, in Russia there was a black-yellow-white flag.This tricolor was used in a variety of festive days, including the coronation of Alexander III.It looked black-yellow-white flag of the Russian Empire, as shown in the following figure.
Later it became known as Stamp national flag.According to the Government, the common people, contemplating the color stamp on the state flag, attached to the Russian culture and history.
What symbolized flag approved by Emperor Alexander II
Each color flag - black, yellow, white - was deeply symbolic.Let's take a closer look at what they mean.Black, the color of the two-headed eagle, the imperial power showed, statehood, statehood, strength and stability.He pointed to the inviolability of the borders of the Russian Empire, stretching from the Pacific Ocean to the Baltic Sea.It marked the strength and power of the vast country.Gold (or yellow) color also had great significance.In the past it was the main color scheme and banner of Orthodox Byzantium was perceived by the Russian people as a symbol of spirituality and religiosity.Yellow symbolizes the desire for moral development, improvement, and fortitude.It marked the preservation of the purity of the Orthodox faith and the comprehension of the Divine Truth.White symbolizes purity and eternity.For the Russian people, it is a reflection of the acts of St. George and means seeking to defend their homeland and keep the Russian land, even sacrificing himself.White spoke of the enormous power of the spirit of the Russian national character, steadfastness and firmness of the defenders of the Russian land.Orthodoxy, autocracy and nationality - that is what is symbolized imperial black-yellow-white flag.Its importance can hardly be overestimated - it was an expression of the Russian Orthodox tradition, the autocratic power and resilience of ordinary people.
Which flag: black, yellow, white, or Peter's "tricolor" was used in the late XIX century.?
Despite the fact that the new Russian flag, the black-yellow-white, was based on the government stamp of colors that bear a significant sacred burden, the company he perceived exclusively as the government standard.Black-and-yellow colors of many Russian people associated with Austria and the house of Habsburg.But the "Petrine" white-blue-red tricolor was closer to the people and was considered a civil, gradually acquiring the status of "philistine".Therefore, in the 70 - 80 years.XIX century the Russian Empire was a place to be called the "duality" of the state symbol.At the same time there were used two banner - white and yellow and black flag of Russia (the government) and the national white-blue-red tricolor.Often it is the latter favored - he appeared in the streets, it was installed near the monument and used on special occasions.
"Petrovsky" tricolor - the national flag of the Russian Empire
During the coronation of Alexander III was surprised that the Kremlin itself, and a solemn procession was decorated in stamp color, and adorned the capital of white-blue-red flags.Later, the emperor issued a decree, according to which "Petrine" tricolor gained official status and became the national flag of the Russian Empire.Since the entry into force of the flag is "black, white, yellow stripe" was regarded as the banner of the reigning House of Romanov.Emperor Nicholas II issued a decree on the 1896 consolidated the position of the white-blue-red flag as the only state.
Return of black-yellow-white flag
Approximation important date - the 300th anniversary of the reign of the Romanov dynasty, and the bourgeois-democratic revolution have led to the change of policy concerning the national colors.Proponents of the monarchical foundations want to return the flag is "black, yellow, white band", which for them is a symbol of protection of the Russian Empire from the dramatic events of the future.In 1914, an attempt was made to combine the two flags - "Peter" tricolor and black-and-white-and-yellow "imperku."As a result, a new flag, which was attended by colors - blue, black, red, yellow, white.The flag was as follows: in the upper right corner of the white-blue-red rectangular cloth was placed yellow box.It was painted black double-headed eagle.This combination was to express the unity of the people and the authorities, as well as patriotism and faith in victory.Nevertheless, such an eclectic flag is not caught and did not become a national.He served as an official national symbol for long - until 1917. The subsequent abdication of Nicholas II, and then the February Revolution put an end to the implementation of the imperial symbolism.
red flag of the USSR
After the October Revolution the national flag has acquired a new look: it was a simple red flag rectangular unprinted or any emblems.He became a symbol of freedom and marked the beginning of a new era in the life of the country.April 8, 1918 at the meeting of the Council of People's Commissars, a proposal was made on the approval as an official red flag with the letters "PV SS" refers to the famous motto calls for the unification of the proletarians of all countries.Further, in April 1918, the flag of the state was considered a red flag with the inscription: "The Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic."Since the unification of the RSFSR with the Byelorussian SSR, the Ukrainian SSR and the Transcaucasian Federation flag of the USSR was the scarlet cloth of rectangular shape.It portrayed in the upper right corner of the hammer and sickle of gold color scheme, and above them - a five-pointed red star with a gold border.
Using the white-blue-red flag
C 1923 to 1991.It was officially recognized as a flag here.Nevertheless, "Peter" tricolor continued to be used in some cases.
During World War II, he, together with St. Andrew's flag served some anti-Soviet groups.For example, the Russian Liberation Army, led by Lieutenant-General AA Vlasov used slightly modified St. Andrew's flag with a red stripe on Kant.Note that the use of the Russian national symbols were common in the collaborationist formations of the Third Reich.Later in the 70s.white, blue and red colors used in the anti-communist organization - VSKHSON.In 1987, "Peter" became tricolor apply various patriotic forces, such as the company "Memory".In 1989, the mass democratic movement adopted the tricolor as its official symbol.At the same time, the monarchists and the followers of the conservative movement began to re-use the black-yellow-white flag of the Imperial Russia.In 1989, the Patriotic Association "Russian Standard" has issued a proposal to cancel the red flag, and once again make an official white-blue-red flag.The Supreme Council of the RSFSR decided (22.08.91g.) Recognize the white-blue-red tricolor the official symbol of the state.November 1, 1991, he was adopted as the national flag of the RSFSR.
symbolic significance of the white, blue and red colors of the Russian flag modern
Nowadays there are several interpretations of the colors of the flag of the Russian Federation.Since ancient times, white stood for honesty and nobility, blue - honesty, chastity, fidelity and perfection, and the red - love, generosity, courage and boldness.Another common interpretation is to relate colors to the historical territory of Russia.So, White contacted White, Blue - Minor, and red - the Great Rus, symbolizing the union of the three peoples - Ukrainians, Belarusians and Great Russians.There are other interpretations of color symbolism.For example, the white color scheme was seen as a symbol of freedom, red - statehood, and blue - the Mother of God meant.Sometimes, the color "Petrine" tricolor interpreted as the trinity of royal power, the Orthodox faith and the Russian people.
Instead of conclusion
So, in this article we looked at the black-yellow-white flag: whose it when there was, and that is personified.We learned how to over time were modified Russian flags and what they represent.We describe not only the "Petrine" banner, but the red flag of the USSR.And, of course, I was told when he was adopted by a white-blue-red tricolor as the main character of the state of the Russian Federation.
