In recent decades, after every house lit up "blue screen", international news does not go without a mention of the left-wing or right-wing Bundestag in the French parliament.Who among them has a policy of what?In Soviet times, everything was clear: left - are followers of socialism, and the right, on the contrary, are in favor of the capitalists and their extreme manifestation - the Germans, they are also the National Socialists, the party of small shopkeepers and bourgeois.Today everything has changed, both appeared in almost all countries that emerged from the collapse of the Soviet Union.Both left and right-wing parties took place in a session hall of the parliament, and sometimes conflicting, and sometimes it is voted in solidarity, but also centrists have.
Why is "right" and "left"?
More than two centuries ago thundered French Revolution that overthrew the monarchy and install a republican form of government.The "Marseillaise", which became the national anthem, there is the word "aristocrats to the lantern" - in the sense of a noose around his neck.But democracy is democracy, and members of parliament from the hostile positions were seated in a large hall of the National Assembly, and that there have been skirmishes between them, then grouped.It just so happened that the Jacobins have chosen a place Left (Gauche), while their opponents - Girondins - on the contrary (Droit).Since then, the custom that political forces for a radical transformation of social life, steel left.It's clear that the Communists identified themselves to him, it is enough to recall the "Left March" Mayakovsky.Right-wing political parties to take a position opposite, as if they are conservatives.
bit of modern history, or the left becomes the right
Under the slogans of improving the situation of the workers to power, many times coming leaders, yielding to their people a lot of troubles.Suffice it to recall the German Chancellor Adolf Hitler proclaimed National Socialism.During the struggle for the presidency, he promised the voters, many benefits, including a high prosperity and justice for cancellation of the infamous Versailles Treaty the Germans, for each work, social guarantees.Having their own, the first thing Hitler dealt with his political opponents - left Social Democrats and Communists, which partially destroyed physically, while others "reforge" in the concentration camps.So he began to rule, expelled after Albert Einstein proved that everything is relative.
another example.Trotsky was "too left" even Lenin.This does not mean that the leader of the world proletariat was right.Just an idea about labor army at the time seemed too brutal, though it is Marxist.Presumptuous Landau slightly scolded, trimmed, given friendly advice.
But it's history, and is now a long time.And what happens with the left and right-wing parties today?
confusion in modern Europe
If before 1991 it was clear, at least for us, in the past two decades, with the definition of "pravosti" in politics became tugovato.The Social Democrats, traditionally considered levacheskimi, in the European Parliament simply spend solutions, which recently have been quite natural for their opponents, and vice versa.A huge role in determining policy plays today populism (especially during elections), to the detriment of traditional platforms.
Left political parties, namely the Liberals, voted in favor of providing financial aid to Greece, which is not consistent with the declared position to improve social policies of their own people.There are, however, and the succession in respect of anti-fascism.The Left Party of Germany have repeatedly mouth of the deputies opposed Merkel's policies to support the Ukrainian nationalist forces, arguing numerous anti-Semitic and Russophobic quotations from the speeches of the leaders of the "Right Sector" and the association "Freedom".
financial crisis has complicated the situation.Currently, the European left and right parties largely switched roles, while maintaining visible unity in all that relates to promises to improve the living standards of their citizens.
"right" position in the former Soviet Union
post-Soviet space interpretation of political orientation, "the cardinal" in general remained the same as in Soviet times.Right-wing parties in Russia and other countries of the former "free republics" indicate in their program documents objectives, which, according to their leaders, must strive to society, namely:
- the construction of a truly capitalist society;
- complete freedom of entrepreneurship;
- reducing the tax burden;
- fully professional armed forces;
- absence of censorship;
- integration of power in the world (read: Western) economic system, which is currently experiencing a severe systemic crisis.
- personal freedom, including the removal of a whole range of restrictions that are "entangled" to "non-democratic regime."Most bold representatives of the right wing declare "European values" on the brink of promotion of permissiveness.
variety of forms "rightism»
Nevertheless, the ruling Russian party "United Russia" also refers to the parliamentary wing, because it supports the development of market relations.Apart from it, in the right box can not do without "Unity and Fatherland", "Union of Right Forces", "Apple", "Party of Economic Freedom", "Choice of Russia" and many other associations, standing on the positions of the liberalization of all forms of relations.
Thus, in the camp of political parties one direction can also be their differences, sometimes very serious.
as advocated by the Left
Traditionally, left-wing parties in favor of the revival of the achievements of socialism.To those they include:
- public funding of health and education, which should be free for the people;
- prohibition of the sale of land to foreign citizens;
- state planning and control of all vital programs;
- expansion of the state sector of the economy, in an ideal - a total ban on private enterprise
- equality, fraternity and others.
Left Party of Russia presented the vanguard - the Communist Party (in fact the party two Zyuganov and Anpilova) and adjoined "Patriots of Russia"," agrarian "," National statists "and several other organizations.In addition to the nostalgic socialist projects of the past, they sometimes push very useful and sensible initiative.
Ukrainian law
If Europe over the orientation is difficult to understand, then on (or in) Ukraine is almost impossible to do.About capitalism, socialism, liberalism, or ownership of the basic means of production, here it does not go.The main determining factor in defining the political and economic goals at the same time is related to Russia, which right-wing parties of Ukraine consider extremely hostile country.European Choice - is something for which they do not feel sorry for almost nothing: no residues of industrial and cooperative enterprises or their own population.The apotheosis of this trend in domestic politics was the notorious "Maidan", it may not last.The so-called "Right Sector", together with other ultra-structures, turned into a paramilitary organization that is ready to perform the task of ethnic cleansing.
Left in Ukraine Ukrainian
left and right parties constantly contradict each other.During the entire existence of an independent state in power were extremely advocates of market reforms, which, however, was interpreted in a very peculiar.However, the "Left Bloc", composed of socialists, of their own, but progressive, the All-Ukrainian Party of Workers, and, of course, the Communists, was always in opposition.This situation, on the one hand, it is convenient, because of the lack of responsibility for what is happening in the country, on the other hand suggests that the ideals of Marxism is very popular among the people do not use.Actually, in Russia the Communists similar position.The difference is one, but essential.In today's Ukrainian parliamentary leftists - the only opposition alliance, opposed to an aggressive nationalist power.
Who are right, but someone left
So understanding of "leftism" and "rightism" in the Western world and the post-Soviet countries varies considerably.Currently, Ukrainian "pravoseki" have the ability to punish citizens who dared to Victory Day on sleeve tie St. George ribbon, declaring such "separatists" and "Colorado", and if it will cost verbal obstruction, it is not the worst option.
Accordingly, each of those will automatically ranked among the left, regardless of its relationship to the ideas of universal social justice.At the same time, the European left and right parties differ only in the colors of party flags, some of the points of the program and names.
