subject and predicate - a linguistic concepts related to the study of the structure proposals.Both of these terms are recognized and are the main grammatical basis of the proposal, its semantic center.
Between them there is a close link grammar and vocabulary.Often find the predicate in a sentence can be through its relation to the subject, and the subject - through its association with the predicate.
semantic features predicate
If the subject is an object, the predicate names which characterize the object.It can be an action, state, property, quality, quantity, or membership of a generic term.Here are some examples.
- «My father went to the window."The predicate "went" expresses the action of the object, called the subject "father."
- «Veronica was happy."Predicate "happy" means a state of the object, expression of the subject "Veronica".
- «Raindrops gems glitter in the sun."Here, the predicate - this phrase "shimmer gems", is characterized by the properties of raindrops in the sun.
- «clothes were worn."The predicate "was the second-hand" expressed the quality of the object, designated subject "clothes".
- «Three times three - nine."Here the two main members expressed numerals.Predicate expressing quantities, is the word "nine".
- «potato - vegetable culture."The predicate "vegetable culture" is a generic term.
- «Bow - Anyutkin, shoes - mine."The proposal with the two predicates basics "Anyutkin" and "my" are expressed, respectively, nouns and pronouns, and they indicate affiliation.
Three semantic problem predicate in a sentence
«What makes an object?What happens to him?Who he is, or what?What is it? "- These are the questions that can be assigned to the predicate.Thus, this part of the sentence is able to solve three major problems:
- called the action that produces the subject: "The pain subsided."
- called the action that is the subject suffers from, "The house was completely inhabited by people."
- Fixes subject as the holder of a sign, "his intentions were serious."
In the role of predicate
Most often the performer as a predicate in a sentence is a verb.The predicate may thus consist of one or more finite verb form.Example: "Birdie sing - she poured."
predicate may be expressed, and other parts of speech and syntax.
- Nouns: "London - the capital of the UK."
- adjective "Southern Night - warm, velvety."
- numerals: "Five-five - twenty-five."
- adverb: "Hands - together, feet - apart."
- Communion: "Tea is drunk, cheesecake - eaten."
- pronoun: "Ten per cent of the transaction - are mine."
- turns of phrase, "frightened, Kostya gave Strekachev only saw him."
- whole sentence: "Good health - this is when you forget about it."In this case, the predicate - a structure consisting of the sentence "is when you forget about it."
Species predicate
It is both simple and compound.
Simple is the name of a simple verbal predicate, as is expressed by verbs in its various forms - in the indicative mood in all three times (real., Future. Elapsed.), In the imperative and conditional tense in the infinitive form, in nespryagaemoy form of the verb"there is".
predicate combines two elements, one of which - the primary and the other - a subsidiary.This predicate is divided into two types - a compound name and a compound verb.In the first part of the ligamentous predicate expressed by some of the names - nouns, numerals, adjectives, adverbs, pronouns, participles, and the second - an infinitive.Examples:
- «Vera Ivanovna began to lecture me."Composite.vb.the predicate expressed by the verb wives.kind, units.h., proshed.Time to "accept" and the infinitive "to read."
- «get a great Holiday!" Here the composite.names.predicate - a combination of the verb future.time 3 liters., ed.h. "turn" and the adjective "superb".
homogeneous predicates
Uniform precisely those members of the proposals that are on an equal footing in the same way.For example, homogeneous predicates - a token, which relate to the same subject to respond to a question.They can be connected or separated by commas unions, marked enumerative intonation.Examples:
- «He asked, begged, urged, but she did not flinch and did not give up."The predicate "begged and begged, urged" - uniform.They are answering the question "what to do?", Are subject to "it."The predicate "did not flinch and did not give up" - the same uniform, they are joined by and , are subject to "it."The question to ask him: "What did?»
- «Maxim saw Lily and stood rooted to the spot."The proposal is a simple homogeneous verb "saw" and stable expression "stood rooted to the spot."They both refer to the subject "Maxim" and answer the question: "What did?»
in parsing verb always emphasize two features, no matter how much they may be in the sentence.
