thigh muscles are divided into three groups.The front group is flexors, rear - extensors and is responsible for bringing the medial thigh.They have a considerable weight and length, acting on the hip and knee joint performing static and dynamic function when moving or standing.Like the muscles of the pelvis, lower limbs muscle fibers reach maximum development that can be associated with bipedalism.
sartorius: location
This muscle (musculus sartorius) is the longest among the muscle fibers of the body.The proximal portion of it is attached to the upper iliac spine and on the front of the thigh obliquely descends.A special feature is that while it is directed from the outside inwards and forms a sort of channel gunterovom crypt of the femoral artery, saphenous nerve and vein.
In the lower part of the thigh sartorius is almost vertical and intersects the medial condyle.The distal region it ends tendon attaching to the fascia of the leg.
Features sartorius
The muscle gets its name because of the participation in the movements of the hip joint in which a person can acquire tailor pose with legs crossed (the word «sartor» translated as "tailor").
Tendons musculus sartorius tendons along with fine and semitendinosus muscle fibers form a fibrous triangular plate, which is called "crow's feet".
worth noting that the sartorius refers to fibers which are capable of significantly reducing the change in its length.Similarly, the property still has the rectus abdominis as well as thin and semitendinosus.A feature of the sartorius muscle fibers is that they do not form distinct beams.This leads to the fact that their neuromuscular synapses, unusual distribution.In addition, the sartorius can be divided into two parallel abdominal constriction tendon or overlap, which leads to the separation of the upper and lower part.
should also mention that the muscle is clearly visible under the skin, if the hip bend or take, and when to straighten the shin.In addition, it is well palpated in the upper thigh area.
role sartorius
Musculus sartorius involved in hip flexion and abduction, and this muscle is responsible for the movement to the outside, not the inside.When the internal rotation of the hip, it is not involved.When trying to implement external rotation, it is activated or not, or is engaged in an incomplete measure.Seated external rotation sartorius accompanied by moderate activity.When the knee is flexed muscle fiber is engaged more actively if held simultaneously flexing the hip.
It should be noted that the EMG examination revealed that the sartorius is active in the game of volleyball or basketball.This musculus sartorius on the left side is engaged more actively in all the movements of the right hand (for example, during a tennis game), and is also working with walking, jumping or riding a bicycle.
So, together with other muscle fibers sartorius, whose functions include leg movements, provides a hip turns out, is also responsible for flexing the leg.
innervation sartorius
For innervation musculus sartorius meets the femoral nerve, which consists of 2-4 roots.The branches of this nerve innervate the skin of the inner thigh and medial region of the tibia to the edge of the foot.
When pathological changes of the femoral nerve can develop paresis or paralysis, and also reduces the tone and tendon reflexes.Prolonged muscle paralysis results in atrophy and emergence of contractures, which are accompanied by abnormal limb placement through activation healthy antagonist muscles.
In addition, there may be sensory disturbances in the form of paresthesias, gipostezii or full anesthesia.Sometimes, on the contrary, recorded changes in the sensitivity of the type hyperpathia when patients have pain searing nature that can not be removed analgesics.
case of violation of the innervation of the sartorius, usually disturbed walking, can be explained by the difficulties of lower limb flexion in the hip or thigh lift inability to normal.
What to do in case of damage sartorius?
Neuropathy femoral nerve, which violates the contractility of the sartorius, most often develops after surgery in the pelvic or hip.The cause may also be a direct compression or stretching of the muscle fibers.It is also worth mentioning that neuropathy can occur with diabetes mellitus.
If you suspect damage to the femoral nerve, which is accompanied by disorders of the lower limb flexion should consult a neurologist.He will hold a neurological examination, electrodiagnostics, if necessary, appoint a CT scan, an MRI of the retroperitoneal space and appropriate treatment.
When tailoring damaged thigh muscle, is an effective drug therapy.Also, use a method of relaxation and stretching of the affected muscle fibers of the femoral nerve blockade and correction of the excessive extension of the legs and lower limb length changes due to the development of contractures.It is worth noting that you can get a positive result only if the correction of the muscles, which are functionally linked to the area of the lesion.
