Mica is found in the natural mineral formations of the earth's crust.It is a rock of volcanic origin, which was formed during the cooling of molten lava.Also worth noting is that the mica - is an excellent insulator, is not conductive of electricity and heat.
interpretation of the concept
This group of minerals has perfect cleavage in one direction.They can be split into very thin solid plate, while retaining the elasticity, flexibility and strength.
Thus, we can conclude that the mica - mineral that visually resembles a glass and has a layered crystal structure.It is due to this feature, as well as because of weak coupling between the individual packets of materials formed certain chemical properties.
Regardless of the fact that there are many varieties of the mineral under consideration, he has common characteristics, such as:
- Plate;
- basal cleavage;
- ability to split into the finest components.
Varieties of mica
Based on the chemical composition, it is possible to provide the following classification of the mineral under consideration, namely:
- magnesian-ferruginous mica - biotite, phlogopite and lepidomelan.
- Aluminium mica - Paragon and muscovite.
- lithium mica - zinnwaldite, lepidolite and tayniolit.
There is another typology of this mineral, which refers to the concept of "industrial mica»:
- scrap and fine mica (for dying part of the production of mica);
- intumescent mica - vermiculite is obtained by firing this mineral;
- mica.
Scope considered igneous rock
Mica - a mineral of metamorphic, sedimentary and intrusive rocks, and in combination is more and minerals.
phlogopite and muscovite are the high-quality insulating materials, which are essential in areas such as radio, electric and aircraft.The glass industry, for example, is not without lepidolite, which are made of optical glass.
is also worth noting that the large size sheet obtained by bonding mica and micanite plates are used as first-class electrical and thermal insulating material.A shallow from scrap mica obtained milled mica advantageously used in cement, construction, the rubber industry, in the production of plastics, paints, etc.
It is also used as a filler in rigid structures and compositions suitable for use in aggressive environments and in high humidity.Micas are subjected to fractionation, and depending on what the size fraction materials impart specific properties.In particular, it may significantly mikroslyuda material to harden, after which he will acquire resistance to any deformation, as well as to alternating loads.
muscovite mica has a light gray color and is applied during the manufacture of paint materials, building materials, plastics, adhesives, sealants, mastics, and so on. D. To make the concrete and sound insulating qualities added thereto vermiculite.
In addition, mica - a mineral different decorative properties, which are used in the fields of:
- production fireplace screens;
- creating stained glass;
- jewelry making.
The composition of a rock enters the mineral?
Granite - a stone, mica in the composition of which was discovered in a large volume.He is one of the most common crystalline natural mineral aggregates.The stone is traditionally used in the construction field.
word 'granite' comes from the Latin word "Granum", translated as "grain".This stone is widely used by architects and designers for the past several hundred years due to the fact that it has its own unique qualities, such as mechanical strength, durability and resistance to frost, it blends perfectly with its decorative properties.
pleasant appearance of granite suitable for exterior cladding of objects - the construction of embankments or the creation of monuments and for the internal (various decorative elements).
It is composed of quartz, feldspar, mica and other minerals.The ratio affects the color and strength of the stone.
How does it happen?
Based on the grain size, the following varieties of granite, namely:
- coarse stone (over 10 mm);
- medium-grained granite (2-10 mm);
- grained (less than 2 mm).
granite color palette is represented virtually the entire spectrum of colors.Multicolored corn - a feldspar, mica granite painted in black, quartz and is responsible for the sparkling translucent grain.
His dignity
Granite - stone, mica in the composition of which makes it durable in comparison with the popular marble.Products made from it, never lose their properties and do not deform outwardly when operated in a climate with a continental seasonal difference of temperature of more than a hundred degrees.Thus, Granite is not afraid of shestidesyatigradusnyh frost or heat above 50 degrees, which is important in Russian climate.In addition, the stone is much less than the same marble, susceptible to fungal lesions.
granite, mica, which is included in the form of muscovite and biotite, not only durable, but also fireproof stone.He begins to melt at a temperature above 700 degrees Celsius.
should also be considered a criterion for determining the degree of strength as moisture absorption.Granite on it bypasses all of its competitors.
versions of the origin of the name light mica
first instance considered a mineral, which appeared in European civilization, became a "native" of Karelia.Mica, the disclosure of which was previously reported in the significant volume of exports to the West and has been one of the main exports of the country in the XVII-XVIII centuries.Proof of this is the origin of the name light mica - muscovite - from the former name of the capital of the Russian state (XV-XVIII centuries.) - Muscovy.Therefore, we can say that it was coming to Western markets from Russia.
According to the scientific version, the appearance of this name is considered to be the moment when the double taxonomy, proposed by a Swedish naturalist Carl Linnaeus, German mineralogist Valerius industrial mica awarded the title of the relevant section a specific name, namely «Vitrum moscoviticum Wall».Subsequently, the system of double names preserved only the central word of the proposed term.
history mica operation in industrial areas
first cases of this mineral, mainly instead of window glass, were witnessed in Novgorod (X-XII centuries.) During the development of resources in the area of Karelia and the Kola Peninsula.Then Ivan the Terrible conquered Novgorod and Pskov, which contributed to the acquaintance of the Moscow rulers with mica.
In the early seventeenth century in Karelia was already widely developed mica industry.According to official data, the beginning of 1608 there was a decree of the Moscow Government on the collection of taxes from extracted minerals in the amount of one-tenth of the total.
development and exploration of Siberia in the XVII century led to new discoveries of deposits of mica.Its presence was witnessed by Vladimir Atlasov in 1683 to Aldan.These deposits were subsequently forgotten, and only two hundred and fifty years (the eve of the Great Patriotic War) reopened.At that time it began operation mica primarily for the needs of national defense.
Disadvantages breed
As mentioned earlier, mica - a mineral that can make a significant strength of the material.However, despite the highly touted its properties versatility and practicality of the rock characteristic of porosity and brittleness.That is why the mica used only in combination with other components, which can ensure material integrity and mechanical strength.The presence of mineral in the rock decreases their durability and resistance complicates grinding and polishing.
The linked quartz, granite, mica?
to sort out this issue once again, is to give a brief explanation of each of these terms.
Mica serves a mineral consisting of thin sheets, plates.These composite particles easily digested.They are transparent, with a glimpse of the dark tide.Mica serves an integral component of granite and some other rocks.Its development by open or underground mining.This applies blasting.Mica crystals are selected from the rock masses by hand.In addition, it has developed methods for the industrial synthesis.
quartz - a mineral, not only part of the granite, but also frequently encountered in a separate form.Its crystals can have dimensions of a few millimeters to several meters.Transparent embodiment of the mineral called rock crystal and white - milky quartz.The most famous is a transparent purple quartz - amethyst.There is a pink and blue, and many other varieties of this mineral, which are mainly used in the manufacture of jewelry.
Granite - rock that consists of a few grains of minerals such as mica, feldspar and quartz.It is pink, gray, red.It can often be found in the cities, as they perform some of the buildings lining the walls, made pedestals for the monuments and the spread river embankments.
