Metallurgy almost always been the backbone of our country, delivering much-needed raw material for the production of machinery for the national economy, the army and science.Of course, its development has passed through many stages of heavy, because it all began in a rather gloomy times ...
One of the most prominent representatives of the steel industry is the plant "Hammer and Sickle."
How it all began
In 1883, an enterprising businessman Goujon built in Moscow, a small company designed to steelmaking.Within seven years, began working the first open-hearth furnace, the fuel for which at the time served as fuel oil.In 1913, it was melted nearly 90 thousand tons of steel, and by the time worked for seven furnaces.The factory mainly engaged in the release is not too profiled steel, rivets, screws and wire.
After the Revolution in 1918, the company was nationalized.The plant, which has lost almost all skilled workers, has got a very heavy legacy.Compared with 1913, output fell immediately by 50 times.In 1921, the post of director of the company was appointed IR Burdachev, which in the past he worked as a metalworker.Largely thanks to him, the production was fully restored and modernized.
In the same year there was the plant "Hammer and Sickle."By 1925, he became director of the PF Stepanov, which by 1928 still managed to bring the amount of steel produced to the level of 1913.By 1931, the plant became one of the leading enterprises of the Association "Steels", which provides the country with high-quality raw materials for production.
Martial law
Since 1938, production topped GM Ilyin.It is with the name of the talented leader associated sharp increase in the amount of steel produced.Already in 1939 he was awarded the Order of Lenin, that in those years, awarded large sums of money and recognition.
During the war, the production did not stop for a minute.Despite the fact that the employees of the company were not subject to appeal to the front, with the plant still left to fight invaders hundreds of talented steelmakers and metallurgists.The whole brunt of the work fell on the shoulders of young workers and women.As follows from the statements of those years, the plant "Hammer and Sickle" played a significant role in defeating enemies.
But it was given its employees seriously: in the archives of those years a lot of information about how steelmakers simply fell into a swoon around hungry furnaces.One can only marvel at their courage: this hard work is exhausting, even physically strong men, not to mention the half-starved teens!
postwar period
Despite the heavy destruction of the war, after the war the company to rapidly increase the rate of production, develop new methods of smelting of stainless steel.For example, in 1949 the staff of the plant was awarded the State Prize for technology use oxygen during metal smelting in open-hearth furnace.Soon, this process is widely used not only at domestic plants, but also in overseas factories.
In addition, a year later a similar award went to steelmakers, who have managed to dramatically reduce the time required to smelt metal.A significant increase in the quality and culture of production has been achieved around the same time when the oven switched from fuel oil to gas.From 1945 to 1971 the number of produced rolled doubled.
new smelting technology
Since 1963, the program began to transfer all production of electricity.So, in those years it was created and perfected the technology of electroslag melting (ESHL).Already in 1978, the production of domestic computers were introduced.
With all these activities, only five years produce high-quality stainless steel has been increased by 21% immediately.Despite the fact that in 1973 carried out a massive restructuring of the plant, steel production did not stop for a single day.Only in 1976 it was stopped last open-hearth furnace in Europe: more metal smelting continued at a much more advanced technologies.
all time to come, until the collapse of the Soviet Union, the number of produced raw materials continuously increases.Rosli needs of agriculture and the army, a huge amount of metal required for the rapid buildup of naval power across the country were built hydro and nuclear power, which is also for the construction of metal needed in large quantities.
most of the needs of the European part of the country is provided Moscow factory "Hammer and Sickle."
90s
Like many companies in the country, this time marked by severe changes in the life of the country.The number of state orders dropped to zero, agonizing state was not up to the production of steel.In 1990, production was virtually stopped completely.
Until the 2000s, the plant "Hammer and Sickle" engaged in periodic output, which often had no relation to the main profile of the enterprise.
New time
When in the early 2000s through virtually abandoned factory began to pull the Third Ring Road, there were dozens of proposals for the development of the most promising projects.As usual, dozens of ministries at odds with each other, and therefore could not reach an agreement then.
By 2007, it was nevertheless held that the huge abandoned territory of the factory "Sickle and Hammer" will be used for the construction of another business center.
By December the plans have changed: it was planned to conduct the construction not only shops, but also the commercial and residential real estate.It is not known why, but in 2012 there was no foundation laid.Independent sources suggest that the matter of the 52% stake in the plant, owned by the Government of the region, and therefore to obtain a building permit proved far from easy.
development prospects
in what will become the territory where today is the factory "Sickle and Hammer"?Moscow believes that this place should be new business districts.In addition, it is possible the construction of entertainment centers, water park and other social infrastructure.
Unfortunately, to date there is no hint that the "Hammer and Sickle" Metallurgical Plant, which provides in the recent past, the needs of the state in the high-grade steel, can be restarted.However, many politicians and environmental groups say that it is quite justified: the huge amount of hazardous emissions into the atmosphere, but still in the center of a densely populated city, is clearly not the health of the citizens was added.
In addition, the appropriateness of the commissioning of a large steel plant, which is the subject of strategic importance, not far from the western borders, is also in doubt.Many experts agree that it would be better to place it on the territory of Siberia.
Other companies
Where else has "Hammer and Sickle" factory?Saratov has the same name as the company, which is also engaged in steel production.Unlike his Moscow "colleagues", currently the company is engaged in its core work.It produced its global reconstruction and modernization.
eponymous plant is also available in Kazan.It engaged in the manufacturing of products for machine-building and instrument-making industry.
