This large and unique lowland is located in the heart of the East European Plain.It covers the northern part of Ryazan, Moscow and the eastern part of the southern part of the Vladimir region.And shares, respectively, at its Ryazan, near Moscow, and Vladimir Meshchora.And the latter has another name - Meshcherskaya side.
Where is Meshcherskaya lowlands?Feature
Lowland in its plan view is a triangle bounded by rivers: Oka (in the south), Klyazma (in the north), and Sudogda Kolp (in the west).And the western border it comes to the city of Moscow (the remnants of forests Meshchora - park "Sokolniki" and Elk Island).
In the northern area of its height - 120-130 meters above sea level, it goes down to the southern part of 80-100 m. In the central part of the Valley to the town of Egorievsk Kasimov stretches small hill - Meschersky Ridge (averageits height - 140 meters, maximum - 214 m).It serves as a watershed between the basins of the rivers Klyazma and Oka.And all around are arranged impassable swamps.
Meshcherskaya lowlands: the word.Determination
lowland lowland or low-lying plain, - the extended area of land, located above the sea level above 200 m, with flat and slightly undulating surface.
Originally Meschera - the name of the tribe (Finno-Ugric), who lived according to the old chronicles, among Mordovians and Moore.Meshcheryakov found in the documents of the XV century, designated as mochyarin.This name for himself matched against the above-mentioned sound.Thus, it is assumed that the ancestors of all of these groups (Hungarians, Meshcherov, Mishars and Mozhar) were once ethnic community.
Habitat of this ancient tribe ("Great Hungary", at the LN Gumilyov) is located in the Middle Volga (modern Bashkiria).Then the Hungarian ancestors went to Pannonia and founded their own state, which exists today (Hungary).A Meshcheryakov were on the territory of Central Oka.
There are other versions.In any case, the term "Meshchersky lowland" may be derived from any of these versions.They all have almost the same right to exist.
Climate
Meshcherskaya lowlands climate is temperate continental with relatively cold winters and warm or hot summers.The average annual air temperature is 4.3? C.Winter snow, with moderate frosts.The most common winter have temperatures ranging from minus 25 to minus 30 ° C.
snow cover falls to 80 centimeters.July is the hottest month when the temperature reaches +40? C.Summers are warm, with heavy rain and strong thunderstorms.
winds prevail here western and south-western.
Meshcherskaya lowland has a natural feature of these unique places.This abundant spring flood, which has a considerable impact on the lives of birds and a variety of animals.
Geology Meshchery
How lowland formed?This is due to glaciers.Their work has transformed the surface of these places in a very smooth plains.After the glacier melted, a mixture of gravel, sand and clay lay evenly on thick waterproof Clay (Jurassic).All the hollows and depressions filled with water from the glaciers thawed, thereby forming numerous swamps and lakes.
where there are deposits of quartz sand, peat and clay.
Soil and Water
mostly podzolic soil, composed of loam (with cover and loess) and fairly fertile gray forest soils.
Meshcherskaya lowlands - the land of many lakes and swamps.
on the territory of the lowland rivers is small, and they are located mainly along its boundary.Enter them in the river basin.Oka.The largest rivers here - Cna, Fields, Pra, Fields, Buža and Gus.
Meshcherskaya Lowland has one feature: it has the river on a small amount of inflows and relatively slow flow.They mainly stem from the numerous swamps and lakes, which serve as a source of supply of water from melting snow and rain.
Lakes basin on a huge amount - large and small.Slowly overgrown greenery, they turn into a swamp.There floodplain lakes - remnants of riverbeds.They too swamped.Almost all lakes in Meshchera small.Their average depth - only 2 m.
But there is a large lake, which have a depth of 50 meters or more.These ponds are thermokarst.The water is clear.One of these lakes - White in the Ryazan Region (Spas-Klepiki).
Famous swamp
Meshcherskaya rich lowlands and swamps.They are almost unbroken stretch wide strip.Locals call them msharami or omsharami.
Marsh has absorbed about 600 thousand. Hectares of lowland.
Most of all wetlands - swamps, covered with moss and forest poroslyu.Oni do not have clearly defined borders.A spring filled with water and become completely impassable.Therefore Meshchery characterized by the following unpleasant phenomenon for humans: swamp evaporation, a lot of gnats, flies and mosquitoes.
animal and plant
Meschera was once part of one vast forest, which stretches from the forest to the forest Polish Murom.In the future, the gradual destruction of forests, increase arable land and numerous fire area, the number of forests has declined significantly.
Here there are pine forests, oak forests, aspen and birch in the watersheds - ate.There are mountain ash and alder.The forests and meadows are growing a variety of berries and mushrooms.Many here and hazel.In meadows abundance of herbs.The forests are inhabited animals: bears, lynxes, wolves, ermine and others. In the floodplain lakes inhabited by muskrats and beavers.A lot of different game.Rich in local lakes and rivers with fish (30 species).
Here is the famous Oka Reserve (225 different species of birds, 10 species of amphibians, 39 species of fish, 6 species of reptiles and 49 - mammals).In this amazing reserve has bred bison and cranes.
What attracts the lowlands?Maybe the fact that there are many swamps and abound small and large lakes Meshchersky?Or Meshcherskaya lowland has slowly flowing rivers?Lots of amazing natural attractions here.Yet Oka Reserve - the most rare and wonderful attractions of these places.
