hide any truth in wine or "nothing is true, everything is permitted"?These and many other questions try to answer philosophers for millennia.With each new attempt to find true knowledge in the Promised Land appears even more intractable on this particular point questions and paradoxes.In this article we briefly describe the different kinds of truth in the humanities and philosophy.
Before proceeding directly to the classification, it is worth noting that in the modern humanities emit as much truth as professions and labor existed and exists in different societies.So, for a religious person is unhappy neighbor - a punishment for his sins or divine omen for a lawyer it may be a crime or violation of the law, and the poet and writer - a touching and charming story of man's struggle with his grief.All these kinds of truth have a right to exist, because the lie in different fields of knowledge.
According to the most popular classification, the truth is divided into absolute and relative.First - this is a full and integral knowledge about an object or phenomenon.On the other hand, said relative truth that is absolutely unattainable.It is impossible to comprehend just knowledge, but you can come close to this.These types of truth in philosophy gave rise to two theories: metaphysics, which claims to have absolute knowledge of reality and relativism, setuyuschemu of relativity of all knowledge.
Since ancient times, people have doubted the absolute truth.Sophists in ancient Greece relativistic views expressed in relation to it, for which they were criticized by Socrates.Hobbes, Diderot, Descartes and Leibniz after Christian scholasticism in the XVI century, also proved that the idea of creation of the world God as the absolute truth has many gaps and in fact untenable.
ministry relative truth stridently criticized Friedrich Nietzsche in his work "Thus Spoke Zarathustra".It manifests itself in the relativity of beliefs of the people, or one of the rulers.Posing for a true knowledge of the false theory, means, for example, in the mid-twentieth century, eugenics was, manipulate other people for their own selfish purposes.This same philosophy, according to the German immoralist, should serve as a real, netranstsendentnoy truth.
How do you know what the truth is?Its criteria and types are described in many other philosophical and scientific works.In short, the truth must abide by the laws of logic, does not contradict the known facts of science correspond to fundamental knowledge, be clear and simple, applied in practice, and should not depend on humanity.
Types of truth, about which it was mentioned above, as supplemented by its type and objective.This truth is the knowledge that is independent from the activities of the individual and of humanity as a species have tselom.Kakie truth may exist, philosophers believe that they can learn only through experience, feelings, mind.Or, in the words of Ivan Karamazov in the novel FM Dostoevsky: "If there is no God, everything is permitted."
