answer to the question, what the bank will not be straightforward.In general, it is a repository of money.But this definition does not reveal the whole purpose of the institution.A formulation is capable of confusing terminology."Bank" - a bench to carry out monetary operations.
general concept
activities like financial institutions is very diverse.They organize the credit relationship, the turnover of money funding the national economy and make buying and selling of various securities, transaction insurance, brokerage, manage the property.There may be counselors, keep statistics, organize subsidiary enterprises.Most people, if you ask them what the bank will say, institution or organization.
It is a common view.Indeed, one can speak of it as a merger, which eventually became a small, large or medium.The development of the activity of banks is very important for the market.For a long time they were organs of the State.Consider what the bank in terms of economy.It is an enterprise that is an economic (independent) entity, it has the right to a legal entity.This organization can produce a product, carry out its implementation, to provide services, acting on the basic principles of cost accounting.Its activity is not so much the production as to the scope of the exchange.The bank must have a license - permission.
There is a perception that it is a trade organization.These associations arise from the fact that the bank is deemed to purchase resources, carries out their sale, functioning in the field of redistribution, exchanges goods.Such organizations have their own inventory, sales and storage, their activity is dependent on the speed.Here the similarity ends here banks with trade.They do not sell the goods, and a special kind of product.So what is a bank?This organization, which was created to raise funds, to place them on the terms of payment, repayment and maturity.
main purpose
Banks - intermediaries in the transfer of funds from lenders to borrowers and from sellers to buyers.Of course, the market such money transfer deal and other financial institutions: insurance, investment funds, brokerage firms.But banks are distinguished by two features.
- They are characterized by a dual exchange.Its debt they can place (certificates, loose certificates, deposits, etc.), and thus mobilized funds to invest in the securities of other companies.This differs from bank dealers and brokers operating in the financial market.
- Yet they assume an unconditional commitment to a specific (fixed) value of the debt in front of people and organizations.This occurs, for example, when moving clients' funds to their accounts, the issuance of special certificates of deposit.
Some features
If we talk about such a thing as a Russian bank, the rating agencies, the American he gets a bad score because of the level of stability.But the financial and credit institutions in Russia in recent years, good developed and improved, they recently began to show good results in the management of risks, which pleases.
Commercial banks are different from the state that their main goal - making a profit.In accordance with the law, they act as credit institutions, performing such operations in the financial market as:
- deposited securities, currencies, they are for sale;
- loans, different in species terms;
- settlements;
- work with contributions;
- issuing sureties and guarantees and other commitments;
- confidence and intermediary activities.
note an important detail: according to experts, the size of the bank - not an indicator of its financial stability!The market is quite tough, it requires constant changes.
