state emblem and flag Russian law established and secured by federal constitutional law of the Russian Federation number 2 and number 1 FCL FCL December 25, 2000, signed by President Vladimir Putin, but before that they had been approved by the executive: 22.08.1991 emergencyCommission of the Supreme Soviet of the RSFSR was adopted as the flag of Russian white-blue-red tricolor.November 30, 1993 Presidential Decree Russia was returned to its historical coat of arms - two-headed eagle.
the new millennium Russia has entered a historically restored traditional and institutionalized state symbols ... They unite the nation, national sovereignty, and express loyalty to historical tradition.Meanwhile, their appearance is strictly regulated and is described in detail in the aforementioned laws.
Russian statehood symbols: the coat of arms and flag
what looks like a coat of arms and the flag of Russia, described in detail in the first article of the above constitutional laws.Sovereign heraldic coat of arms is represented by a red quadrangular shield, the lower edges of which are rounded, and the center is pointed downward.The shield shows the golden two-headed eagle spread its wings.Each of his head is crowned with a small crown, and above them there is a big crown, coupled with smaller ribbons.Regal Russian eagle has scepter and orb.The shield on his chest is decorated with a silver horseman (St. George), spearing a dragon horse trampled.
Flag of Russia presented a rectangular panel (the ratio of height to width - two to three), consisting of three horizontal bands of equal size.Their sequence (color): white, blue, red.
regulate the use of the emblem and flag of the Russian
legislation formally defines the scope of the use of the emblem and flag of Russia.They are placed on the buildings of the highest state authorities: the residence of the President of the Russian Federation, the Federation Council, the State Duma, the courts - the Constitutional, Supreme, Supreme Arbitration.The coat of arms and flag of Russia is also used in a wide network of public institutions throughout Russia, including the security forces.The public holidays the right to decorate their houses with flags and granted the people of Russia.
Three Russian state symbols (flag, anthem) is a kind of triad, the current at the end of the XIX century.The most far-reaching historical may be called the process of creating the National Emblem.Of course, the symbolism of Russia was created in different eras, each of which has left its mark.So, mark the elements of our coat of arms occurred in ancient times (as we will explain later).You can also talk about the ancient Russian creative process of the State flag of what was happening in the Middle Ages.Spontaneously among a variety of colors to choose those who testified to the membership of Russia, from a variety of graphic elements to seek out those who "cling to the soul," the Russian people.
heraldic two-headed eagle that led to its creation appeared in the Middle Ages.
double-headed eagle.Emblem of Russia - the product of an ancient ethnic group
Where did we flew two-headed eagle, which has its origins emblem of Russia?What is it?The answer to these questions can give, perhaps only history.Another tradition from Plato went, supposedly inherent in Atlanta, associate wings with divinity.Eagle by many ancient ethnic groups has been interpreted as a symbol of immortality, strength and fearlessness.The double-headed eagle represents the dual wisdom, omniscience, perfection.
idea of creating a symbol in the form of the aforementioned birds originated in Asia Minor, 2-3 thousand years BC.e.By the XIII century BC.e.Rock include two-headed eagle, created by the Hittites.
double-headed eagle in ancient
In 1472, after the royal marriage Ivan III with the niece of the last Byzantine emperor Constantine Paleologos XII, Sophia Palaeologus, the Russian tsar receives the right to use the two-headed crowned eagle as a generic logo.In fact, Moscow monarchical power becomes the successor to the head of the Orthodox East, the Byzantine emperor.
Since then, the two-headed eagle appeared on stamps of the Russian tsar, symbolizing the supreme state power.
He has little resemblance to the modern Russian coat of arms: the wings are omitted, not fluffed feathers, beaks closed, the shield is not an eagle.After liberation from the Mongol-Tatar yoke, under King John III, eagle's wings are raised.The coat of arms adorns public buildings.
After the transfer of power to his son, Vasily III, the Eagle's beak open.This small detail is associated with the fact of turning Russia into a center of Orthodoxy and the growth of its power state.In the XIV century, during the reign of Ivan IV the Terrible (his son Vasily III), both of Russian character - double-headed eagle and a horseman striking a dragon - finally united.The presence of George explained joining the Russian Astrakhan and Kazan kingdoms and Siberia.
As you can see, heraldry develops gradually, over the centuries literally painting a National Emblem of Russia.With the coming to power of Mikhail Romanov (1613), which marked the social stability and prosperity, there is a third crown - a symbol of the Holy Trinity.Heraldic eagle wings unfolded beautifully.Explanation last: The Russian kingdom was united state association.
Alexei Mikhailovich in 1667 legitimizes the existing national emblem.With him in the clutches of the royal bird appeared scepter and orb, symbolizing absolute statement in Russia monarchical device.
from Peter I to Nicholas I
Since 1682 Russia rules and a highly active person, a great reformer and autocrat of Peter the Great.During his two-headed eagle he turned from golden to black (which corresponds to the rules of heraldry).October 22, 1721 Peter I took the title of Emperor (before him kings ruled Russia).It affected the emblem: crown imperial steel (instead of the king).Deployed wings of an eagle decorate the shields with emblems of Kings and the Grand Duchy.Peter I connect three crowns blue St. Andrew's tape.
The short reign of Paul I (from 1796 to 1901.) There was a large coat of arms of Russia (photo attached).Emperor crowned royal bird Order of Malta, but this innovation did not stick.Did not approve, and the efforts of Alexander I smooth the feathers, asymmetrical tilt of the head, the scepter and orb replaced Perun and lightning.
Returned crest classic features, introduced by Peter the Great, hard and powerful Emperor Nicholas I. Russia Coat of Arms (picture shown below) again becomes laconic, heraldic verified and rigorous.The black double-headed bird with its wings deployed acquired classical features.
Regression state heraldry
collapse of the empire and the entire social system is regressive impact on the state heraldry.The attempts of the Provisional Government to deprive the double-headed eagle insignia monarsheskih failed.Then the Bolsheviks replaced the historic Russian coat of arms on its own, non-national.History will not forgive such liberties, and 83 years later, puts all the points over the i ... This is the historic return of the state symbols of the aforementioned presidential decrees, and constitutional law.Below we discuss what still means eagle on the coat of arms of Russia.
Some features of the current coat of arms of Russia
What does the modern State Emblem of Russia from the standpoint of Heraldry?The modern interpretation of the biceps: the unity of conservatism and progress.Symbolic structure of the wings: 12 feathers on each of them reflect a sacred union and the equality of the Federation.3 rows of feathers embody goodness, truth and beauty.Red shield is associated with courage, heroism, Russian historical tradition, golden color eagle - with dignity, glory and eternity.Sceptre is a symbol of sovereignty, power - power and integrity.Three Crowns now interpreted in a secular sense, the unity of the legislative, executive and judicial power.
This is it, the ancient and the modern, the magnificent coat of arms of Russia, holistic in content and depth of it embodied in the symbol of the historical tradition of the great powers.
We also recommend to pay attention to some interesting details of the coat of arms.Firstly, on the scepter, compressible right paw of an eagle: it is also an eagle clutching the same scepter, and so on. D. By the way, the current coat of arms violates heraldic canons: according to him, George has to ride a horse is not right, andleft.
Modern coins actually the coat of arms of the interim government (monarchy without attributes), not the current coat of arms of Russia.
Colors Russian flags, the prototype of the National Flag
is noteworthy that in the Middle Ages, at a time when only the Russian nation was formed, a single flag did not exist, but there were various banners.Noteworthy historical Russian tradition: banners already used the colors of the flag of Russia."Lay" is broadcast on Russian red banners embroidered with images of saints.Red banners were crowned squad Prophetic Oleg storming the heart of the Byzantine Empire - Constantinople, and squads of Prince Svyatoslav, which were defeated Khazars.
the first time it is a red flag with the face of Christ has united Russia, yard of a mighty army under the leadership of Dmitry Donskoy on Kulikovo field.Under a red banner with the image of the Archangel Michael rebelled Dmitry Pozharsky.White, blue and red colors present in the "great banner of" Ivan the Terrible.Under a blue and white cloth conquered Siberia Ermak.
Only in the XVII century was created a flag that adorned the arms of Russia.What does such an evolution?The gradual realization of the historic mission of the Russian people of his state.
creator of the Russian flag - Peter I
gratifying that up to now the St. Petersburg Museum of the Navy remained the first national flag of the Russian waving of 06.08.1693 on dvennadtsatipushechnoy yacht "Peter the Great", which the emperor made a voyagein the White Sea.The width of the flag - 4.6 m, length - 4,3 m.
How did this standard?On the eve of the sovereign astonished by the unexpected question of Dutch engineer Butler, who led the construction of the aforementioned boat.He said (and it is reasonable to wave), launching the ship into the water, about which the king will desire to raise the flag."And do what?" - Evidently thought to myself by Peter I. Butler and asked about the Dutch flag.He willingly told about their national tri-band red, white and blue flag.Did
by Peter I, what should be the State flag of Russia, before this conversation?Hardly.Question Dutchman sounded in time.Sovereign same creativity was not to occupy.He not only changed the order of the bands heard flag (white, blue, red), and put on it the coat of arms - a golden two-headed eagle.So there was a single banner for the entire Russian fleet.
On the state of its institution proves the fact that a year after the first presentation in 1664, he was at the behest of Peter I was raised on bought from Holland 44-gun frigate "Holy prophecy."In 1696, the Russian rowing fleet participating in the siege of the Turkish fortress of Azov, is also operated under the tricolor flag (as seen by the engraving Shhonebek "Capture of Azov").There are various hand-written instructions of Peter the Great, indicating that the tricolor flag was introduced in the Navy king centrally and systematically.
However, after twenty-five years in the Navy, it was replaced by the flag of St. Andrew (ironic that he was the idea of Peter the Great).However, the plan was also tricolor banner of a viable, he liked people.In 1806, the familiar colors of the flag reappeared on Russian-American Trading Company, they also officially used the Consul General of Russia.Try perfect during the reign of Alexander II, the Russian flag to choose white, yellow and black colors of the people did not take.Emperor Alexander III, a study evaluating the Commission KN Pos'eta, made a wise act - has legalized the flag of Peter having two centuries, as the Russian State.
Note that even today there is no official explanation, which means the flag of Russia.I wish that there was such an interpretation.
informal interpretation flag colors
Traditionally heraldic interpretation of colors as follows: white stand for openness and generosity;blue - honesty, loyalty, sincerity;red - service, generosity, courage.
In Tsarist Russia it was believed that the white color is a symbol of the Orthodox faith, blue - royal power, the red - the Russian people.This corresponded to a declarative principle triune structure of the Russian state: autocracy, orthodoxy, nationality.
Currently, there are several interpretations: the unity of the legislative, executive and judicial powers;the unity of the past, present and future.
flag colors, recommended for its production
We all know what it looks like a modern flag of Russia (photo of this element of state symbols should be familiar to all without exception).But why use just such a tone?We say at once that the legislation does not specify the selection of shades of white, blue and red colors.However, they are secured in GOST 51130-98.According to him, each color should match the shade, which is displayed in three different international systems (meaning Pantone, RGB, HTML) as follows:
- White (White; 255-255-255; #FFFFFF);
- blue (286C; 0-57-166; # 0039A6);
- red (485C; 213-43-30; # D52B1E).
This color scheme emphasizes the freshness and the greatness of the Russian flag.
Conclusion
coat of arms and flag of Russia close to the heart of Russians who are really proud of the history of his homeland.These Sovereign symbols can be seen not only on the government agencies and officials in offices.
coat of arms and flag of the Russian Federation accepted and adequately positioned in the modern world.They carry a large charge of patriotism and pride, expressing the greatness of the country and its power.More than four and a half centuries they store and combine great power.
