Fire fighting is a set of measures aimed at eliminating fire.The complex includes a variety of methods.
main methods of fighting fires - compulsory liquidation of the ignition source, combustion and cooling medium of a fuel and depletion of oxygen in the air.All that is necessary to reduce the temperature of the upper layer of combustible matter by extracting the main part of the heat.Reducing the percentage of oxygen produced by the introduction of inert gases or mixtures of vapors of certain substances, and fire-fighting in this case is carried out by slowing the oxidation of the combustible bodies.
addition, the widespread method of isolation of combustible material, which is to prevent the supply of oxygen to the oxidation zone.For this it is necessary to cover the area of combustion extinguishing agent, for example, chemical foam or powder.
main methods of extinguishing fires also include chemical and mechanical ways to eliminate fire, by which is meant the inhibition of the complex redox reactions, as well as the immediate elimination with a jet of water or gas under pressure.
Fire fighting is achieved by the joint use of fire extinguishing substances (water and steam, sand, foam, fire extinguishing compositions, as well as resistant to such influences tissue) and technical structures (valves, hydrants, hoses, pumps, and so on. D.).
Select application extinguishing agents occurs in appearance, the nature and parameters of the fire, of the medium and aggregate properties of materials, efficiency and effectiveness of fire suppression.
technical means that perform fire fighting, include hydrants.This device for taking water from water supply systems.Fire hydrants - complete unit consisting of the pipe, valve, hoses, and the trunk.For storage of fire extinguishing agents presented many requirements designed to maintain its performance.
Solving medium-sized fires can be made using the primary means of extinguishing fires, among which traditionally carry fire extinguishers of different designs, as well as fire tools and equipment.Classification of fire extinguishers carried out by type of extinguishing agent.There are gas, foam and powder.
fire extinguishing with gas fire extinguishers carried out using a carbon dioxide composition, which is needed to quench the solids and liquids.In turn, the foam fire extinguishers are used to eliminate the combustion of liquid and solids.The disadvantage of these fire extinguishers is that they are not allowed to apply for extinguishing materials, interaction with which can cause an explosion.For example, they can not eliminate the fire on electrical equipment that is live.Fire extinguishers have been used for the substances of all aggregate states.Importantly, they can be used for extinguishing electrical installations up to 1000 V, which are live.
