Since the adoption of Orthodox Christianity in Russia, the idea to the fore the value orientations of the Russian ethnos and occupied a key place in the life of every believer into the game.That is why in the case of saving the village or city from disaster and as a thank you for the victory over the enemy of believers began to erect religious symbols at the scene in a very short time.Thus, a new type of construction of the Orthodox temple - the church everyday.
Church as the invisible guide human
everyday history of the Church in Russia began with the year 996, when the Grand Duke Vladimir, escaped with a team from the Pechenegs under the shelter of the bridge, according to the vow, erected a temple on the site.
However, the proliferation of conventional churches as the temple buildings in Russia began only in the late 14th - mid-15th centuries, has been particularly active this manifested itself in the territories of Pskov and Novgorod.
concept of "everyday church" - with the accent on the third syllable - opens the definition of temple buildings, created in one day, - "is one of the day."
place of spirituality in everyday life
Such a high rate of construction of the church is due to a simple rule - the church becomes "clean" fertile place only after its consecration, so work on its construction did not stop for a minute and mundane church to thecompletion and consecration remained protected from evil forces.The collective act of construction, the return of their spiritual and physical strength is an additional guarantee of the security of the process and at the same time served as a rallying people towards divine grace.One of these temples, hundreds of people rallied and every second radiating grace, is the Church of Elijah the ordinary in Moscow.
Create temple in gratitude for saving
all ordinary churches created as a symbol of divine help and intercession for the believers.Always created everyday temples for a great cause - according to the promise of the people, given to propitiate God, turning away from the people of disasters and catastrophes.For example, during the human plague in 1390 in Novgorod in the name of the Holy Father Athanasius in one day was set, and the church was consecrated by John lord.Similar to her church was erected in Pskov during the plague in 1407 pskovityane.
in Moscow in 1553, during a plague epidemic, Ivan IV the Terrible ordered to put two wooden churches, formed in one day and consecrated in honor of St. Christopher and Cyril Belozersky.It was the first record in the annals novogorodskih, which refers to the construction of conventional churches by decree of the Grand Duke.
historically conditioned development of Russian church architecture
Ordinary church on his erection technique is different from the Orthodox wooden or stone temple.The joinery specialized workshops pre-fabricated components of the temple, then in the right place and in one day the whole structure very quickly going.Of course, because of its compactness, everyday church could not accommodate more than two hundred people.However, the number of parishioners is a medium-sized community of the parish, a priest who ministers.
In its modern guise of everyday church may be high - 15 meters high, 80 square meters and can accommodate up to 150 parishioners - and low, whose height is 12 meters, but the area - only 49 square meters.
wooden church is made of laminated veneer lumber or logs.Modern everyday church more often than not placed on the foundation and erected on concrete cubes.This is due to the fact that the operation in its new urban or rural district is calculated on a provisional basis, assuming the movement of the temple to a new location in the construction of a permanent fixed on the old church.Novopostavlenny temple also requires a period of rainfall at the new location.
In modern Russia, the most active everyday church built in the Far East and Siberia, due to inaccessibility of these places the standard construction material and the short time of the year, required for the construction of a stone church.
decoration and iconography Russian ordinary Orthodox church
In today's world, the clergy a lot of attention paid to interior of the church that seeks to get rid of excessive Byzantine luxury and at the same time look dignified and noble, adjusting the parishioners for the required solemn and attentive wayand hitting skill painters and architects.
Therefore, despite more than a modest appearance, everyday church is a magnificent example of Russian church architecture, including an Orthodox iconostasis, an external thread on the wings of the entrance and sparkling domes.
course, ritual objects - censer, baptismal font, a cross, a candle - acquired in the diocesan offices.
priest consecrates the icon or cast a gift parishioners or parish uses the services of full-time painters.
Elijah The everyday - invisible patron of the Russian people
special respect and veneration of the Russian people enjoyed the prophet Elijah, who is considered the patron saint of soldiers, airmen and Russian Airborne Troops.
Prophet Elijah, during the life of ardent exposer of human vices, defender of widows and menacing avenger of justice, the execution of the priests of Baal and Yahweh is lord of drought and rain.In Russian on Elijah's Day, celebrated on August 2 were forbidden to work, and, in the belief that evil spirits went into the water, so until next year forbidden to swim.It was the date of family feasts, which in many provinces was preceded by a week's post.
Elijah everyday Temple in Moscow
Few churches have a long history of trёhvekovuyu, during which they occasionally went bankrupt and was rebuilt.One of these churches is the Church of Elijah the Prophet commonplace in Moscow.The history of this temple is its lead from the 16th century, when this place was built a wooden church of the Grand Prince Vasily III, according to the promise - "everyday", "Obydenko" - so called church of the Prophet Elijah everyday.
In 1611 the church was burnt down by Polish troops, in 1612 there was the headquarters Dmitry Pozharsky.In the 17th century it has functioned as the official chapel of the Kings, where he also offered up prayers for rain during a drought.
In 1706, clerk of the council Gabriel F. Derevnin and his brother Basil rebuilt Church of Elijah everyday anew, in the territory which later were buried.That same year, the main cold throne of Elijah the Prophet was built warm refectory church to pray in the winter season, which was badly damaged by fire and was rebuilt in 1753.
now inside the church walls are covered with magnificent paintings, mostly on the themes from the life of the prophet Elijah.In the church are the relics of St. Athanasius Kovrov and the icon of Our Lady of Kazan.
Since 1917, for a second temple was not closed.With its rich history, it is a not only a sample of Russian icon painting and architecture school, but also a great place for the transmission of sacred knowledge - at the Church of Elijah the Prophet has a library, a lecture hall and a church school.
