compressed air - air mass that is contained in a container, and its pressure is greater than atmospheric.It is used in the industry in a variety of industrial operations.A typical compressed air system - installation is operating at a pressure of ten bar.In such cases, the mass of air is compressed to ten times its original volume.
General
At a pressure of seven bar compressed air is practically safe in operation.He is able to provide sufficient driving force of the tool is not worse than the electric supply.This requires a minimal amount of costs.In addition, such a system is characterized by a fast response, that the end result can make it much more convenient.However, it will take into account the parameters listed below.
- The longer the path of the compressor, the consumer, the more energy is expended.
- Compressed air is very effective in the presence of a large class of transactions, in which case there is an advantage to the electrical installations.For efficient air cylinder install than electric.
- necessary to continuously monitor for leaks.
- When using water, cooking gas, and so on. D. We have already got used to be economical, but the use of this type of energy, many are wasteful, considering it to be free.It is necessary to constantly improve the pneumatic systems in production, for example, in Western Europe there are always new developments nozzles, where the air is consumed much less, with significantly reduced noise levels.
The use of compressed air
industrials Quite often use this kind of energy for fast and efficient cleaning of the equipment from dirt and dust.In addition, compressed air is widely used for blowing in the boiler tubes.In the woodworking industry it is used for cleaning the premises, equipment and even clothes from wood dust.In most countries, standards have already appeared on the use of this kind of energy, for example, in Europe it CUVA, and in the US - OSHA.In addition to its use in manufacturing operations, widespread tools that work directly on the air course, - is screwdrivers, pneumatic drills, wrenches, hammers (with the installation of equipment and construction), sprays (during overhauls).In addition, now widely used in cans pressurized air in the pneumatic gun.
Security
Using compressed air, observe the safety precautions below.
- Never direct in the mouth, eyes, nose, ears and other places.
- can not handle compressed air open wounds, ie. A. Under the skin can form bubbles when they reach the heart, it will lead to a heart attack, and if to the brain, it could provoke a brain hemorrhage.In addition, getting into the wound, air can enter into it an infection that is located in the compressor system or pipes.
- forbidden to indulge in and direct a jet of compressed air to other people.
- Do not pump up the pressure in the compressor system above the norm.
- All elements of the pneumatic installation must be carefully secured against detachment and, as a consequence of injuries.
- forbidden to clean the equipment from dust and dirt in the presence of open flames and welding.It can cause an explosion due to the presence of dust in suspension.
- working with compressed air systems, you must use personal protective equipment such as goggles or a mask.
- forbidden to carry out tightening of joints, threaded joints, bolts in the nodes or pipes under pressure.
- When installing the pneumatic system hoses should be fastened to the ground with the least risk of damage (on the ceilings, walls).
advantages of compressed air
Now consider what are the advantages of using this type of energy in production lines.
- Pneumatic tools are characterized by low weight at a high enough power.
- Such plants can be used for a long time without overheating.
- Low maintenance costs of the system.
- Air compressors can be used as a source of energy production with the fire-dangerous explosives and flammable substances (tunnels, mines).
- These instruments are suitable for plants with high corrosive environments.However, please note that the operating temperature of the compressed air exceeds the ambient temperature by ten degrees Celsius.Furthermore, with the increase of this parameter will increase in direct proportion to the humidity and air flow.
- use pneumatic systems can greatly simplify the automation of production processes.For example, such as drying, coating and others.
- Reduced downtime.
compressed air
For optimum performance and high-efficiency installation, you must meet the following requirements.The pneumatic system should minimize loss, moreover, the air should come to consumers with dry and clean, this is accomplished by setting a special dryer, allowing moisture to condense.Also, special attention should be paid to pipelines.Correct installation of air - is key to the functioning of the durability and reduce maintenance costs.By increasing the level of pressure in the compressor can compensate for the drop in the pipeline.
calculation of consumption of compressed air
Compressor units always include the so-called receivers (air tanks).Depending on the performance and capacity of the equipment the system can comprise several receivers.Their primary function - smoothing of pressure fluctuations is, moreover, there is a cooling air reservoir inside the gaseous mass and this leads to condensation.Calculation of the compressed air is to determine the consumption of the receiver.Is performed according to the following formula:
- V = (0.25 x Qc x p1 x T0) / (fmax x (pl-pu) x Tl), where:
- V - the volume of the air tank;
- Qc - the compressor;
- p1 - the outlet pressure setting;
- Tl - the maximum temperature;
- T0 - temperature of the compressed air in the receiver;
- (pu-pl) - the difference between the predetermined pressure loading and unloading;
- fmax - maximum frequency.
