This is one of the most famous palaces of our northern suburbs of the capital.Every year thousands of tourists come to Pavlovsk.Reserve museum in the city of Pavlovsk attracts not only our compatriots, but also guests from abroad.And not in vain: there is something to see.
State Museum-Reserve, Pavlovsk (Russia): History
very first settlement on these lands appeared in the middle of the XIII century.It was a fortress "Town on Slavyanka".In the XVIII century there were Finnish village Seppel and Lynn.Empress Catherine the Great, spending time at the nearby Tsarskoye Selo came here to hunt.For its chambers were built two wooden houses with strange names - Krakow and the Creek.The first one burned down during World War II, when the city was occupied by the Germans, and the second due to dilapidation was dismantled in 1929.
In December 1777 Catherine II gave the land (362 acres), with all the villages and the people son - Pavel Petrovich and his wife Maria Feodorovna after the birth of their first child - the future Russian Emperor Alexander I.
a year (in1778) were erected two rather modest size of the palace - Paullust and Mariental.Much later on the site was built Paullust Pavlovsk Palace, took place Mariental fortress Bip.
Paul in 1786 began building Pavlovsk Palace.The author of the project was Charles Cameron.In the fall of 1796, Paul I awarded the city the status of the village.In 1788, the emperor, who had previously often been in Gatchina, gave the estate of Maria Feodorovna - his wife.
In 1801, after the death of the emperor, Maria Feodorovna was living permanently in the palace during the warmer months.Both the palace and the park keeps many corners associated with her name.For example, Private Garden, or the magnificent Pink Pavilion.Before the war of 1812 the military commander of the city has become legendary Pyotr Bagration.
After the death of Maria Feodorovna (1828) Pavlovsk became the property of the Grand Duke Mikhail Pavlovich, the brother of Nicholas I. At this time, Pavlovsk is actively built and equipped with modern conveniences: Built Eleninskaya quarter Aleksandrovskoe organized institution in which children learn and the middle classmerchants, and an orphanage.
At the end of XIX century the city became the center of Pavlovsk musical culture: there was the famous music station.In those years there were often many famous composers and musicians.Since then, the Pavlovsk chosen vacationers.
After the 1917 revolution, the city was renamed in Slutsk.So it was called until 1944.During the Second World War Pavlovsk was occupied by Nazi troops.Paul Palace burned by retreating Germans, and in the park during the occupation cut down more than 60,000 trees.It was destroyed valuable historical and architectural monuments.
historical name was returned to the city in 1944.After the war, it was decided that the restoration of the complex.It lasted until 1973.
In 1989 Pavlovsk was included in the UNESCO heritage list.Today, 42 objects of the reserve are protected by the state and cultural and historical monuments.Pavlovsk - a tourist center, which is visited annually by more than half a million people.
Pavlovsk Palace Museum-Reserve Pavlovsk (Russia), tourists are beginning to explore this jewelery with golden-white palace.It is built on the banks of the river Slavyanka famous architect Charles Cameron in the XVIII century.Pavlovsk Palace is visible from anywhere in the city and the park.A three-storey central building crowned by a flat dome mounted on 64 columns.Colonnade galleries connect the central building with office buildings.They form the front yard, in the shape of a horseshoe.
When ascended the throne, Paul I, Pavlovsk was officially declared the country imperial residence.At the end of the XVIII century by the architect V. Brenna was carried out to expand the palace.
over official buildings were overbuilt the second floor.They added two semicircular wing that virtually closed the front yard.Another one-floor gallery increased colonnade.Despite these changes, the central body remained mainly in the composition of the palace.He excelled elegance and size.
Features Architecture
Cameron chose a basic element of decor white columns.They decorated the facades of the main building, they create a spectacular outdoor gallery, firmly support the dome.To complement the basic element selected thin stucco frieze with acanthus leaves, which surrounds the entire building, as well as three bas-relief medallions with allegorical images of sculptures, architecture and painting on the main facade.
newly built housing Brenna decorate stucco - crowns and monograms owners of the palace.Only at the ends of the wings he set portals consist of iron columns.They seem to open the entrance to the parade ground.This compositional solution allowed to link new and old buildings in a single ensemble.
palace in the XIX century
J. Architects. Quarenghi and Andrei Voronikhin in the early XIX century, completed the design of the facades of the palace.At this time, there was a marble porch with a balcony balustrades.In 1807, P. Gonzaga covered one wall of the gallery with frescoes.It shows the arcades and stairs of monumental buildings.This gallery entered the history of Russian architecture named gallery Gonzaga.The famous Carlo Rossi in 1822 posted over her library with original arched windows.Between them are the busts of philosophers.
Pridvortsovy Park
creation of this unique park began in 1780 in a town called Pavlovsk.Museum-Reserve today is a magnificent piece of landscape art.An invaluable role in the formation of the Pavlovsk ensemble played the architect Charles Cameron.He created between 1782 and 1807 projects, which were erected pavilions, the colonnade of Apollo, Grand Cascade, the column "End of the World."In his drawings decorated the park Kentavrovym, humpback and the Black Bridge.
extraordinary variety of techniques Device park in a city like Pavlovsk.Museum-Reserve (or rather, part of the park) is now occupied by the city's building, so that he in the upper reaches of the Slavyanka almost connected with the city.His opposite part extends to the surrounding undergrowth.
trees planted in the park so that the property and the garden wing of the palace is almost imperceptible.Incredibly beautiful view from the colonnade of the palace, surrounded by a group of trees.
Private Garden
on all tourists visiting Pavlovsk Museum-Reserve makes a great impression.One of the most beautiful parts of Pavlovsk Park is considered to be own garden.It is located at the Pavlovsk Palace, adjacent to the chambers of the Empress Maria Feodorovna.I must say that it is very well versed in the flowers, and she was able to assemble a very large collection of them.
own garden in the style of the small Dutch and French gardens and a garden in the park.Outsiders to the territory is not allowed, the garden was a place of rest owners of the palace.In the southern side of the garden, on a high terrace, I loved working Paul I.
The garden was planted with many rare plants.They bloom continuously, one after another.The garden has a second name - "Temple of Flora".
Mausoleum of Paul I
Another attraction, which boasts Pavlovsk.Museum-Reserve in the park has an amazing monument - Mausoleum of Paul I. It is not the tomb of the emperor.Paul I, was buried in St. Petersburg in the Peter and Paul Cathedral.
In a letter to the Dowager Empress calls him "a monument", and in the contract with the architect Carlo Visconti, he was listed as a "temple."Its modern name - the Mausoleum of Paul I, the spouse or mausoleum-benefactor.This building - a tribute to the emperor by his wife.
Impressions of the museum-reserve
Reviews Museum "Pavlovsk" (Russia) can be described as follows: all to visit this amazing place talk about the bright impressions from the trip.Visitors to note that, despite the small amount of the palace, it is striking in its elegance and richness of decoration.As for the park, then it all visitors feel very comfortable: the magnificent nature, well-groomed alleys, gorgeous flowers private garden are calming.
