India (another name - Bharatha) - one of the largest on the territory of the countries in the world.It is also a country with such a long tradition that it can rightly be called "the cradle of civilization."The achievements of India in ancient and medieval times in medicine, culture, philosophical and religious teachings had a great influence on the emergence and further development of the civilizations of the East.
Some statistics
area of India is quite extensive.The country stretching 3214 km from north to south and 2,033 km from west to east is not only in the Indian subcontinent (South Asia), triangular wedge jutting into the Indian Ocean, but also takes the island in the southeast of the Arabian Sea.If we compare the size of India in the quarter.km and the population, it becomes clear that this is a very densely populated country.It ranks second in the world in terms of population and the territory - only seventh.
Area sq India.km - more than 3 000 000. Population - 1,220,800,359 people (according to 2013).For fans of specific numbers specify what area of India for 2014 is 3,287,263 square meters.km.The country borders with the following countries: Pakistan, Afghanistan, China, Bhutan, Nepal, Burma and Bangladesh.In addition, sea straits separate India from Sri Lanka and Indonesia.
Population Ethnic composition is diverse.A vast area inhabited by the Dravidians of India, Telugu, Marathi, Hindustanis, Bengali and many small tribes and nationalities.About 80% of them - Muslims, about 14% - Christians, there are also Sikhs and Buddhists.Of the many languages spoken in India, the government recognized 18 official languages of the country's nation-wide - English and Hindi.
Life expectancy for men in India - an average of 58 years, women - 59. Since the beginning of the last century, men always a little more than women (1000 to 929).In the last decades of the twentieth century thanks to the development of medicine and improve the living standards of the Indians life expectancy has almost doubled.
At the same time the country continues to maintain a high birth rate, due to the moral and religious norms and the low level of literacy, which leads to the voltage of the demographic situation.
state today
Geographically, the entire area of India is divided into states (there are 28), and there are seven Union Territories.Left over from the colonial state division was reorganized in 1956.The borders of the new states were formed on the national and linguistic lines.Despite the gradual improvement of living standards in the country of the Indians are still in the majority live below the poverty line.2/3 of the world's population with the lowest incomes, live in India.The main occupation of the country - agriculture.India - the birthplace and the main supplier to the world market of many agricultural crops: sugar cane, rice, cotton.Also, it has a leading role in the production of tea, peanuts and so on. N. In addition, the state is rich in natural resources.Stocks of coal and manganese ore here - one of the world's largest record.
Economy
The light industry in India are both modern and handicraft businesses.At the world famous Indian cotton fabrics, gorgeous silk, leather, furs, jewelry.The leading role belongs to exports of products from precious and semi-precious stones, the beauty of which the country is justly proud.
In every state, city and every neighborhood has its own craft production.The Indian government encourages the development of various sectors through the establishment of industrial parks - areas with lower taxes and the price of land.The monetary unit of the country is the Indian rupee.
little geography
Almost the entire area of India's Deccan Plateau occupies.In the northern part of the state is the highest mountain system in the world - the Himalayas.Approximately 3/4 of the peninsula make up the plains and plateaus in the west and the east framed by mountains.The main rivers - the Ganges, Indus and Brahmaputra and their fertile deltas are among the most densely populated areas of the country.
climate on the peninsula, mostly tropical.During the summer monsoon is shed from 70 to 90% of normal rainfall.Shillong Plateau in India is considered to be the wettest place on the continents of the globe.
Vegetation is presented as savannas, steppes and mountain meadows, and forests from conifers to tropical evergreen, which cover about 1/4 of the whole territory.
fauna is diverse in India than anywhere else in the world.Many members of the fauna of the country's revered as sacred, their killing is forbidden, so often in the cities and on the roads can be seen freely nestled cows, monkeys, various birds.
In the southern forests of the country still exist herds of wild elephants, occasionally there are almost extinct rhinos and even tigers.India - the owner of the world's largest livestock (cows, goats, buffaloes, camels).Sacred animals are also considered the elephants, which since ancient times are subject to training.
India - a wonderful exotic country extremely attractive for tourists, each of whom will find in it something of their own.
