Annals of the Russian state has hundreds of characters.One of them left an indelible mark on history.The famous Alexander Nevsky, known to everyone who is interested in becoming the Russian state.Today there is a lot of debate among modern historians regarding the life and work of this interesting personality.
childhood and teenage years
biography of Prince Alexander Nevsky (main dates are concentrated in the years 1233-1263) is regarded in history in terms of its military successes.But the interesting point is, and the nature and formation of the youth of the Grand Duke.
According to some sources, Alexander was born in May 1220 in the city of Pereslavl-Zaleski, other sources referred to 1221 as the date of his birth, and some even suggest a later time - the years 1238-1240.
Alexander was the son of Prince Yaroslav Vsevolodovich grandfather and the grandson of the legendary Vsevolod Big Nest.His mother - Theodosius Mstislavna Toropetskaya daughter Udatnogo Mstislav, Prince of Novgorod and Galician.
Since childhood education of Alexander's father paid special attention.In 1225 the boy was initiated into warriors.Prince since the early years mastered the military science and tactics succeeded.At age 13 he made his first trip with his father to Dorpat, where he first fought with Livonians.These skills will be useful to him in the years of the reign, and in the fight against the enemies.Someone he bribed the cunning mind of someone, but mostly enjoyed the old-fashioned way - by force, it is important than the famous Alexander Nevsky in centuries.
Domestic Policy
In 1226, his father left the eight-nine-year Theodore and Alexander rule in Novgorod, look after the prince Boyar Fyodor Danilovich and Yakim elder.But the temper of Novgorod did not give the young princes sit on the throne for a long time, and they left the land.But in 1230 the inhabitants of these lands again called Yaroslav to rule over them, he signed a contract with the locals and as governors leave their sons again.
1231, Alexander together with his brother becomes a formal prince of Novgorod.After 2 years, on the eve of his marriage, Fyodor suddenly died, and all over the reins passed to Alexander.
In 1236, he took the throne of Kiev and Novgorod own rules.Domestic policy of the young prince is aimed at strengthening its authority and protect the land from external enemies, and them in those days was a lot.
Alexander build fortifications, strengthening the borders of their possessions.Collect taxes, receives from the Khan shortcut to Russian ownership of land, harshly suppressed riots and mob uprising.In the 50 years after the invasion of the Tatars in Vladimir He rebuild the city, it pays special attention to temples.But the main activities were focused on foreign policy.Prince Alexander Nevsky applied all his intelligence, cunning and talent on this field.
Vectors
foreign policy activities of the Prince Alexander of Novgorod and remarkable that he was a talented military leader and diplomat.Strengthening cordons own possessions and battling with constant attacks of the Livonian knights and Swedish prince tried to balance the tricks of diplomacy relations with the Golden Horde and avoid the Mongol-Tatar invasion.The destruction and loss of human life after such collisions are enormous.Reflecting on the question of what famous Alexander Nevsky, you just need to remember his diplomatic successes and ascribe this vector activity as his main achievements.
Another area of foreign policy - relations with the Vatican.In one of the chronicles mention that the Pope proposed to move Russian prince at the Latin faith, but he flatly rejected such an option.
relations with the Swedes, Danes, Germans and Lithuanians
Warriors sent the papal finger, in 1238 went to war against Novgorod principality.This time, the campaign involved the Danes, the Swedes and the Livonian Order.The first thing that became famous Alexander Nevsky before the Battle of Lake Peipsi - is the defeat of the enemy on the Izhora.In 1240, the battle takes place in the mouth of the river Izhora Danish knights.Self-management troops and bravery shown during the battle, the victory brought Novgorod.
In 1242, Alexander returns control of Pskov.In April of the same year it takes place the famous Battle of the Ice in which the commander routed the Teutonic Knights and was nicknamed Nevsky.In 1245 he finally broke the Lithuanian army.
As we know from first-hand, with these peoples, Prince not only fought, but also to establish trade relations, marriages of their children.
Golden Horde and politics prince
After the death of his father Alexander was hoping to get a shortcut on the board in Vladimir, but the will of the land withdrew his brother Andrew, and the Neva remained in Novgorod.Andrew was a staunch opponent of the Tartars, and Alexander followed the policy of obedience.In 1252, Andrew and his brother Jaroslaw were against the Tatars were completely broken and tricky Andrew went to Mangu Khan and got a shortcut on the ownership of all Russian Land.Before his death, the prince followed the policy of appeasement of the Tatars.
Historians, talking about what Alexander Nevsky became famous but the victory over the Livonian Order, often mention his diplomatic policy against the Tatars.Prince was able to restore the city and prevent them from complete destruction, though it was his descendants managed to overthrow the Tatar-Mongol yoke in Russia.
