As long as there is a civilization that will exist and the various disputes between people.Reasoned - to punish the guilty and acquit the innocent - the main task of the judicial system of any country.Everyone should know their rights and freedoms, as well as to have an idea of what the courts have considered the case.After being competent in these matters, it is much faster and easier to solve problems with the law.
Who will judge economic crimes?
Economic crime - painfully frequent and widespread phenomenon.Violation of the terms of the contract, tax disputes, as well as everything related to entrepreneurship, is considered in the arbitration court.
On what business considers the arbitral tribunal to find details of the Code of Arbitration Procedure, which it is governed.The decisions of this body are final and not subject to appeal.Appeal to the court to resolve the dispute and to protect their rights may be both physical and legal persons, as well as foreign nationals who are engaged in business in the country.
Arbitration Court is part of the federal judicial system in Russia.It is a structure that consists of the Supreme Arbitration, federal district, appellate and trial courts in the republics, territories, regions and cities.
The case is in arbitration takes place in four stages:
I. Preparatory part - the possibility of the case.
II.Consideration of the case.
III.Judicial debate - statement of views of the participants of the process.
IV.The court's decision.
duration of proceedings in bankruptcy court is about thirty days.This is much faster than in the institutions of general jurisdiction.
Which court is considering a criminal case?
Hazardous human acts which fall under the article of the Criminal Code, disassembled and analyzed in the court of general jurisdiction.Such proceedings have two purposes:
- protection of victims.
- protect or punish the perpetrators.
The trial takes place in several stages:
- initiation of proceedings.
- collection of evidence and proof.
- Preparation Material (hearing).
- Criminal Court I instance.
- Criminal Court II instance (Appeal and the Court of Cassation).
- sentence.
If we talk about what the courts have considered the case, the court of general jurisdiction, other than criminal, and administers justice to the civil and administrative offenses.
criminal justice processes are longer than arbitration.This can be explained by long consequences, the prosecutor's investigation and collecting material.The criminal court sessions attended by:
- public authorities (judge, prosecutor, investigator);
- stakeholders (the defendants, defendants, victims, witnesses);
- defenders;
- representatives;
- governmental organizations (labor collective, and so on. D.);
- experts who help the judge to administer justice.
Crime and Punishment
Every person committed the crime entails a certain punishment.Criminal liability are persons who have reached the age of fourteen.According to the severity of all crimes are divided into acts:
- Small gravity (the maximum sentence - up to two years' imprisonment).
- Moderate (up to five years in prison).
- Heavy (up to ten years).
- particularly serious (ten years or more).
types of punishment:
- penalty.
- prohibition to hold certain positions.
- forced labor.
- Restriction of freedom.
- Imprisonment or for life.
- death penalty.
Nowadays, on the death penalty introduced a moratorium, which assumes imprisonment for twenty-five years or for life.
All crimes are divided on the project:
- Personality: murder (including through negligence), rape, beatings.
- Economic: extortion, robbery, theft, fraud.
- Public terrorism, hostage taking, robbery, hooliganism.
- State: treason, espionage, rebellion, sabotage, abuse of official duties.
Code of Civil Procedure
civil court - a social phenomenon that makes the protection of civil rights.Civil process addresses specific legal issues.He administers the court and other proceedings brought to structures, and consists of several stages:
- opening of the civil case (complaint, application, claim).
- gathering clues and evidence.
- trial (justice).
- overturn the decision (Court of Cassation).
- review of the decision.
- sentence.
task of civil proceedings - promptly consider and decide a civil case, to protect the rights and freedoms of citizens.
Types of Civil Procedure:
- claim production: civil, family, housing and other proceedings.
- administrative and legal proceedings.
- Special Production: cases related to legal facts (adoption, classified as missing, and so on. D.).
How to go to court?
No matter what the courts have considered the case, it may turn to all those who have attained the age of sixteen.Up to fourteen interests of children are their parents or guardians.
to court have to be in writing and bear the signature of the claimant or representative.To the claim must be accompanied by all the necessary documents.Served statement on the location of the defendant or his estate.
filed a lawsuit in the District Court or the world.The first deals with divorce, division of property, labor relations.The district court examines the more complex cases.
judge as soon as possible (no more than two months from the date of commencement) examines the application and makes a decision, after which proceedings before a court of first instance.
Conclusion
Litigation - very subtle process.Better, of course, not to bring their cases before the courts.Well, if it really happened, then you need to get a lawyer with a good practice.Choosing a defense, you need to focus on what the courts have considered the case.After all, everyone has a strong point - some powerful lawyers in charge of criminal cases, others - family.
