Authoritarian regimes can be seen as a "compromise" between democratic and totalitarian political systems.According to the study, which was conducted in 1992 by the international organization "Freedom House» (Freedom House), from 186 countries only 75, in terms of democracy, are "free", 38 - "not free" and 73 - "free part".At the same time Russia falls into the latter category, and hence its political system may also be considered authoritative.Is it really?Let's try to figure it out.
authoritarian regimes: the concept and conditions of
Everything in our life evolves cyclically, including the structure of society.As a transitional form from totalitarianism to democracy, authoritarian regimes often arise in countries where the same time with the change of social system takes a pronounced polarization of political forces.Often they are formed where there are long-term political and economic crises, overcoming them in a democratic way is very problematic.Authoritarian regimes often start under extreme conditions, when the country needed to restore order and ensure normal living conditions of the society.One person or a small group of people concentrate in their hands the main functions of political power, the existence of the opposition, and if allowed, something with very limited possibilities of action.The media acts tough censorship dominates organizations control public, public participation in the governance of the country to a minimum.At the same time, authoritarian regimes allow the existence of representative organs, discussions may be held, referendums and so on. N. However, the results are often falsified voting, and public opinion in the media "factories" by the authorities, ie. E. Society imposes a certain ideology.The freedoms and rights of a citizen, though proclaimed, but really the state does not provide them.In order to maintain its existence, authoritarian regimes dominate the courts and law enforcement agencies.State management performed mainly with command and administrative methods, while no mass terror.
Types and examples of an authoritarian regime
This type of device has many varieties, the main ones being a tyrannical, despotic, military and clerical.In the first case the power usurped by one person, who carries out one-man rule.In ancient times it was very common in Greece, but in the modern world is unacceptable.Despotic regime is different "unlimited" power and the characteristic of the countries with the absolutist monarchy.A striking example is his reign of Ivan the Terrible in Russia, as well as the board of Peter I. This regime - a relic of the past.Clerical (theocratic) regime is based on the supremacy of religious leaders who concentrate in their hands, both secular and spiritual power.As an example of Iran.Military dictatorship or a military regime based on the rule of the supreme military elite that seized government in a coup.The dominant social and political force becomes an army, which implements both external and internal functions of the state.Countries with this type of authoritarian regime - is Iraq under the rule of S. Hussein, Myanmar, as well as a number of sub-Saharan Africa.
