In a world more and more people who think that they do not like the shape of their nose, than those who think it is possible to make it better breathing.Of course, everyone knows about the everyday care, treatment for diseases and so on.. But how many of us reflects on the fact that a cavity of a nose?
Anatomy airway
lung tissues are quite delicate structure.That is why the air before they make their way up, should be cleaned of dust and germs part, moist and warm.This is his state is achieved by a complex breathing apparatus, which has a complex structure.
Before you get to the light, the air passes through the trachea, located above the larynx, and nasopharynx, as well as the upper part - the cavity, where it falls immediately after inhalation.This is where it happens primary processing.
structure of the nose
Few people think about it, but we breath provides a very sophisticated and complex organ.Perhaps that is why any small problems instantly reflected in state of health.Conventionally, this body can be divided into two major parts:
- external nose;
- nasal cavity;
- sinuses.
part that sees every person, just looking at his face in the mirror is formed by small bones and cartilage.Finally, its shape is formed around the 15th year of life.
structure of the nasal cavity so difficult because of the fact that this is where the inhaled air temperature regulation and purification.The vestibule is lined with squamous epithelium, there are small hairs that trap dust particles and microbes.The chamber issued three curved bony plates that form the so-called shells.Some of the areas are lined with sensitive cells, by which man has the sense of smell.This also moves through the narrow access sinuses - maxillary, frontal, ethmoid and basic.What they are and why do we need?
Subordinate nasal
It would seem, why complicate things?Let the air simply passes into the lungs, even if the way it will be short and simple.But evolutionary development had decided otherwise, and the person has not just the nose.The nasal cavity has four additional sinuses.
- Maxillary or maxillary.This sinus is the volume - up to 30 cubic centimeters.In shape it resembles a tetrahedron.The cavity communicates with the main (base) through the course in the common wall.The projection on the front of the face of these sinuses are located on either side of the nose just below the eyes.
- frontal.This sinus, in contrast, is very small - only 3-5 cubic centimeter.It is located in the frontal bone, and also communicates with the nose through the narrow door.
- Grid.These sinuses consist of individual bone cells, so they are sometimes referred to as a labyrinth.These cavities are in fairly remote place, and borders on the inside of the eye socket and brain.
- primary (main).This part of the least understood, since it is located deep in the skull near the major bodies - the carotid artery, brain, venous sinus, trigeminal and optic nerve, and so on. D.
As he nose, nasal cavity and sinuses are lined with epithelium and mucosa.This allows not only warm, but also to humidify the air entering here.
functions as the nose as a whole and its individual parts solve many important problems.Firstly, as has been said, the hairs on the eve detained dust.Secondly, the air passing through the tortuous nasal passages, leaves some of the bacteria to the mucosa.Thirdly, it raises its intense friction temperature, and contact with the interior of the cells of the sinuses - also humidity.In addition, all play a role cavity resonator and contribute to the formation of voice, giving it an individual timbre.
Diseases
In spite of everything, the nasal cavity, anatomy and function of which is directly associated with exposure to pathogenic bacteria, sometimes it inflames itself.As a rule, it turns rhinitis, that is cold.At the same time breathing through the nose difficult, there is edema, decreased olfactory function, for mucus.This condition is familiar to all.Apart from the fact that a person is forced to breathe through his mouth, that is delivered to the lungs are not properly treated air can be felt lack of oxygen, that is easy hypoxia.It is expressed as headaches, poor health, fatigue.Well, if it comes to children, the mouth breathing and leads to an incorrect formation of the facial skeleton, which can cause dental problems and the development of the chest, as well as disorders of hearing and memory.
worth noting that despite the fact that the inflammation of the nasal cavity, ie rhinitis or runny nose seem picayune disease, not standing close medical attention, if left untreated, the result of such neglect can be serious complications.
symptoms and treatment of sinusitis
Yes, badly healed runny nose or flu can result in much more serious illnesses, such as sinusitis.Inflammation of the sinuses may be serous, that is inside of them formed a swelling or pus.In the second case, the symptoms are acute.
distinguish sinusitis (inflammation of the maxillary sinus), front (frontal), etmoidit (lattice) and sphenoiditis (main).They may be involved in the disease either alone or in pairs, as well as collectively.
main symptoms are headache and a feeling of pressure in the location of the sinuses.Often there is an increase in temperature, all accompanied by shortness of breath, fatigue, and sometimes tearing and photophobia.In chronic disease the symptoms may be less severe, and sometimes there is a loss of efficiency, and headache.
before treatment is carried out diagnostics, which includes a visual inspection and X-rays.Thereafter, the patient may be hospitalized, but not too serious cases it can be treated at home by drugs that prescribed by the physician.Generally, the list includes antibiotics.Ignoring sinusitis can lead to even more serious consequences - an inflammation of the meninges.
Care
From an early age to get used to the fact that the nose, nasal cavity need regular hygiene.Outside the respiratory passages must be cleaned of waste products, if necessary, should also moisturize them.The same applies to periods of rhinitis: blowing the nose of mucus must be done efficiently and carefully to its particles do not fall into passages that connect the nose to the ear.
Usually, doctors say a big role in the prevention of sinusitis such simple measures such as sanitation or washing the nasal cavity.It's not the most pleasant procedure, but it helps to get rid of the deposited on the mucosal disease-causing bacteria.
