Ukraine.

This region of Ukraine, until recently, mostly heard only the people of this country and the former Soviet citizens.Today the Lugansk region at the hearing at all.

General

Lugansk region is the most eastern region of Ukraine.It is located on the plain that runs from the river valley.Seversky Donets.In the south it is Donetsk ridge, and in the north are the spurs of the Central Russian Upland.Thanks to good climatic conditions and good location, this area has always been inhabited by people.Lugansk region borders on Donetsk (South-West) and Kharkov (north-west) regions of Ukraine.In addition, it has a long border with Russia.In the east, the north and south it borders with the Voronezh, Belgorod, Rostov region of the Russian Federation.

Key Features

Lugansk region stretches from north to south for 250 km.From west to east, its length is 190 km.The territory of Luhansk region - 26.7 thous. Km, which is 4.4% of Ukrainian territory.The relief of the area is an undulating plain, rising from Seversky Donets south and north.

History of

For centuries this territory, called Wild Field, which separates Russia from the Crimean Khanate.In the XVI century.here begin to form guard service.At this time, in this territory there is a huge amount of tsarist troops.At the end of the XVII century.Here, a new historical region - Sloboda.In order to unite into one coal regions in 1919 it was formed Donetsk province with its center in the city of Lugansk, which existed to 1925.C 1925 to 1930 there Lugansk area.In June 1925 the province was abolished in Ukraine, and the county passed under the direct supervision of the Ukrainian SSR.

its present name Lugansk region received in 1958.And before that, since the division of the Stalin region in 1938, it was called Voroshilovgrad.However, returning to the original name from 1970 to 1990. Then it was decided to re-elect the second option.After the collapse of the Soviet Union in the Lugansk region remained part of independent Ukraine.

Minerals

These areas are known for their high quality coal deposits.These billions of tons.A third of them - coke, and two-thirds - anthracite.Found here and natural gas deposits.In several areas of the Lugansk region found sandstone, limestone, marl, chalk, various clays.In Lugansk, Lisichansk, Severodonetsk, Starobelsk discovered mineral springs.

Climatic conditions on the territory of Luhansk region has a temperate continental climate.In January the average temperature is -15 ° C, and in July +35 ° C.In this area, relatively cold winter.Its distinguishing feature is the sharp south-easterly and easterly winds and severe frosts.Summer is sultry and dry.In autumn, in Luhansk warm, dry and sunny.The precipitation is about 500 mm per year.

soils and vegetation

fertile land - is what Ukraine has always been famous.Lugansk region in this case - is no exception.It is dominated by black soil.Power fertile layer in some places reaches 1-1.5 m thickness.There are also common sod soils.Most of the Luhansk region - steppe.Forests are not enough - they take up about 7% of the territory.

Economy

favorable geographical position of the region contributed to the development of the economy.This area has long developed lands.Its advantages are:

proximity to raw materials rich areas such as the North Caucasus, the Dnieper, the Black Earth of Russia;
a well-developed network of roads and railways;
proximity of large industrial centers and regions (Kharkov, Center for Russia, Rostov-na-Donu).

The famous Lugansk region?2014 brought destruction in all sectors of the economy of this region.Until recently, it was flourishing mining and chemical industry, heavy engineering, metallurgy, agriculture.This region is among the five most developed industrial and economic regions of Ukraine.It was concentrated to 5% of the labor force and approximately 4.6% of fixed assets of the country.Industry was the leading sector of the economy.Its share in the gross domestic product accounted for three quarters.

Industrial Complex in Lugansk

diversified complex of Lugansk region in the lead processing industry.The total volume of production, its share was about 72%.She is represented by enterprises of oil refining, coke production, mechanical engineering, petrochemical and chemical industries.In the area of working factories for the production of pulp and paper products, food products and construction materials.Products Lugansk can be found not only in Ukraine but also far beyond its borders.The main trading partner in the region was the Russian Federation.

Industrial area

The region has a few heavy industries.There is also well developed and the fuel and energy sector, most of whom are mining companies.The total volume of production, they account for about 18%.The mining industry consists mainly of coal enterprises.Lugansk region in the industrial complex of the country stands out for its scale mining of coal, capacity of primary oil refining, production of machine tools, window glass, synthetic resins, plastics, soda ash, containerboard.

in this region formed 3 major industrial site:

Lugansk - its specialization by enterprises of metalworking machinery, light industry.
Lisichansk-Rubezhnoye-Severodonetsk - petrochemical and chemical industries.
Alchevsk-Stakhanov - steel, coal and machine-building complex.

In the ranking of 100 largest enterprises in Ukraine are:

OJSC "Alchevsk Iron and Steel Works."
PP "Rovenkianthracite."
SJSEC "Luganskoblenergo."
Zhydachiv pulp and paper mill.
SE "Severodonetsk Azot".
Stakhanov Ferroalloy Plant.
of "Linos".
OJSC "Lisichansk Soda".

Agriculture

Village Lugansk region are the backbone of this agricultural area.Manufacturers specializing in the production of oilseed (sunflower) and cereals (winter wheat, maize) crops.Quite the development of livestock and horticulture.Villagers cultivate dairy beef cattle, pigs, sheep.In the poultry industry is well developed.All agricultural production is concentrated in 19 administrative units.They are divided into three production areas (depending on soil and climatic and economic conditions): the southern, northern and suburban.At the disposal of farmers is 2.2 million hectares of land, of which 1.3 million hectares are sown area.The application of modern agricultural technology helps to collect very high yields of various crops, vegetables and melons.

population of Luhansk region

to Luhansk characterized by a high level of urbanization.In this region, about 86.5% of the population lives in cities.Its density is 96 people per 1 square.km.This figure - the seventh among all cities of Ukraine.More than 53% of the population - women.Approximately 60% of area residents are persons of working age.A thousand able-bodied account for 706 children and pensioners.The birth rate in the area is 6.1 ppm.In recent years, Luhansk maintained downward trend in the population.The natural loss of administrative districts was different.

In 2013, the number of the Lugansk region of 2.3 million people.This region occupies the 6th place in the number of people in Ukraine.For the period from 01.01.2014 till 1.09.In 2014 the population decreased by 6.6 thousand. People.

National composition

In Lugansk region is home to 104 nationalities (ethnic groups).The share of Ukrainians is just over 50% of the total population.Russian - about 40%.Most of them live in areas near Lugansk.Among the other members can be distinguished Belarusians (1%) and Tatars (less than 1%).

Religion

Ukraine (Luhansk region including) the presence of many different faiths.On the territory of the considered region, there are 45 lines of religion.They are represented by 791 religious organizations (764 communities, 10 regional offices and associations, educational institutions 5, 6 spiritual missions, monasteries 6).In the region there are 188 Sunday schools.On the territory of Luhansk engaged in the affairs of the church in 1107 the clergy.

Among the total number of communities in the region:

58,2% - Orthodox (444 communities);
24,2% - Protestants (185);
14% - non-traditional and new religious movements (107);
1,7% - Jews (13);
1,3% - Muslims (10);
0,5% - grekokatoliki (4 arrival);
0,1% - Roman Catholics (one community).

Administrative division

region Lugansk region: Trinity, Starobelsk, Slavyanoserbsky, Stanichno-Lugansk, Sverdlovsk, Svatovsky, Perevalskiy, Popasnjansky, Novopskovsky, Melovsky, Novoaydarsky, Markowski, Kreminna, Lutuginsky, Krasnodon, Belovodskiy, Antratsit, Belokurakinsky.In it, there are 933 settlements, of which:

37 - Cities (14 - and 23 regional - district level);
109 - urban settlements;
787 - villages.

In the region there are 17 district and 37 city councils, 84 town and 206 village councils.

industrial centers

addition of Lugansk, which is a major industrial center in the East of Ukraine, in the economic development of the region play an important role and other settlements.These include, for example, Sverdlovsk.Lugansk region is characterized by the fact that, even in relatively small towns are various companies.Here it is: coal-processing complex "Sverdlovantratsit" GOAO "Mayak", the Canadian company East Coal Company, the joint venture "Intersplav", OAO "Sverdlovsk machine-building factory" factory of mining equipment.Sverdlovsk (Lugansk region) has in its submission: Chernopartizansk of 6 urban villages (Volodarsk, Pavlovka, Kalinisky, Leninsky, Mining, Fedorivka), 3 settlements (Kiselev, Cool, Ustinovka), 7 villages (Kuryachii, Malomedvezhe Utkin, Matveevka, Rytikovo, Antrakop, failure) and farm Ivaschensky.

City Lugansk region

previously mentioned the high level of urbanization in the region.Most people live in cities and large towns.Most of them are large industrial enterprises.City of Lugansk region, the number of inhabitants exceeds 18 thousand. Man, it Luhansk (424.1 thousand people.)., Alchevsk (110.5), Severodonetsk (108.9) Lisichansk (103.5), Red Ray (82.2), Stakhanov (77.2), Sverdlovsk (64.9), Rubezhnoe (60.0), Anthracite (54.2), Rovenki (47.4), Bryanka (46.8), Krasnodon (44, 0), Pervomaisk (38.2), Kirovsk (28.2), Perevalsk (25.7), Molodogvardejsk (23.1), Popasnaya (21.8), Sukhodolsk (20.9), flint (20,1).

language situation

population of Luhansk region speaks mostly bilingual.In 2001, 30% of the population consider Ukrainian as their mother tongue.However, this percentage varies greatly, depending on the type of localities.Thus, only 25.5% of citizens consider Ukrainian their native language.In the villages, this figure reaches 63.8%.Only 40% of schools in the area of training is conducted in Ukrainian.In certain cities of Ukrainian educational institutions at all.The most Russified areas: Perevalskiy (77%), Stanichno Luhansk (68%) and Lutuginsky (73%).